首先在 MDI 的主窗体中：
1． 在主窗体构造函数中，添加如下代码，注意要在 InitializeComponent 调用之后，如：
//Add File Menu
MenuItem miFile = mnuMain.MenuItems.Add("&File");
miFile.MergeOrder=1;
miFile.MergeType = MenuMerge.MergeItems;
MenuItem miAddDoc = new MenuItem( "&Add Document",
new EventHandler( this .FileAdd_Clicked),
Shortcut.CtrlA );
miAddDoc.MergeOrder=100;
MenuItem miExit = new MenuItem( "E&xit",
new EventHandler( this .FileExit_Clicked),
Shortcut.CtrlX );
miExit.MergeOrder=110;
miFile.MenuItems.Add(miAddDoc);
miFile.MenuItems.Add("-"); // Give a seperator
miFile.MenuItems.Add(miExit);
//Add Window Menu
MenuItem miWindow = mnuMain.MenuItems.Add("&Window");
miWindow.MergeOrder = 10;
miWindow.MenuItems.Add( "&Cascade",
new EventHandler( this .WindowCascade_Clicked));
miWindow.MenuItems.Add( "Tile &Horizontal",
new EventHandler( this .WindowTileH_Clicked));
miWindow.MenuItems.Add( "Tile &Vertical",
new EventHandler( this .WindowTileV_Clicked));
miWindow.MdiList = true ; //Adds the MDI Window List to the bottom of the menu
2． 然后为相应的 Menu_Click 事件定义函数，如：
#region MENU_CLICK_MESSAGE_HANDLE
//File->Add Menu item handler
protected void FileAdd_Clicked( object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
AddMDIChild() ; //Create new MDI child window
}
//File->Exit Menu item handler
protected void FileExit_Clicked( object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
this .Close();
}
//Window->Cascade Menu item handler
protected void WindowCascade_Clicked( object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
this .LayoutMdi(MdiLayout.Cascade);
}
//Window->Tile Horizontally Menu item handler
protected void WindowTileH_Clicked( object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
this .LayoutMdi(MdiLayout.TileHorizontal);
}
//Window->Tile Vertically Menu item handler
protected void WindowTileV_Clicked( object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
this .LayoutMdi(MdiLayout.TileVertical);
}
#endregion {MENU_CLICK_MESSAGE_HANDLE}
3． 创建子窗体，如：
//Add a new child window if it doesn ’ t exist; else set focus on it
private void AddMDIChild()
{
// MyChildForm is the one I'm looking for
MDIChild myMDIChild = null ;
foreach (Form f in this .MdiChildren)
{
if (f is MDIChild)
{
// found it
myMDIChild = (MDIChild) f;
break ;
}
}
if ( myMDIChild != null )
{
myMDIChild.Show();
myMDIChild.Focus();
}
else
{
myMDIChild = new MDIChild();
myMDIChild.MdiParent = this ;
myMDIChild.Show();
myMDIChild.Focus();
}
}
当完成上面的步骤后，主窗体运行的效果如下图所示：
然后在子窗体中，具体操作如下：
1． 在子窗体构造函数中，添加如下代码，同样要在 InitializeComponent 调用之后，如：
//Add File Menu
MenuItem miFile = mnuChildMain.MenuItems.Add("&File");
miFile.MergeType = MenuMerge.MergeItems;
miFile.MergeOrder = 1;
MenuItem miLoadDoc = miFile.MenuItems.Add( "&Load Document",
new EventHandler( this .LoadDocument_Clicked) );
miLoadDoc.MergeOrder = 105;
//Add Formatting Menu
MenuItem miFormat = mnuChildMain.MenuItems.Add("F&ormat");
miFormat.MergeType = MenuMerge.Add;
miFormat.MergeOrder = 5;
//Font Face sub-menu
miSansSerif = new MenuItem("&1." + sansSerifFontFamily.Name,
new EventHandler( this .FormatFont_Clicked));
miSerif = new MenuItem("&2." + serifFontFamily.Name,
new EventHandler( this .FormatFont_Clicked));
miMonoSpace = new MenuItem("&3." + monoSpaceFontFamily.Name,
new EventHandler( this .FormatFont_Clicked));
miSansSerif.Checked = true ;
miFormatFontChecked = miSansSerif ;
miSansSerif.DefaultItem = true ;
miFormat.MenuItems.Add( "Font &Face"
, ( new MenuItem[]{ miSansSerif, miSerif, miMonoSpace })
);
//Font Size sub-menu
miSmall = new MenuItem("&Small", new EventHandler( this .FormatSize_Clicked));
miMedium = new MenuItem("&Medium", new EventHandler( this .FormatSize_Clicked));
miLarge = new MenuItem("&Large", new EventHandler( this .FormatSize_Clicked));
miMedium.Checked = true ;
miMedium.DefaultItem = true ;
miFormatSizeChecked = miMedium ;
miFormat.MenuItems.Add( "Font &Size"
, ( new MenuItem[]{ miSmall, miMedium, miLarge })
);
2． 然后为相应的 Menu_Click 事件定义函数，如：
#region MENU_CLICK_MESSAGE_HANDLE
//File->Load Document Menu item handler
protected void LoadDocument_Clicked( object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
MessageBox.Show( this .Text) ;
}
//Format->Font Menu item handler
protected void FormatFont_Clicked( object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
MenuItem miClicked = (MenuItem)sender;
miClicked.Checked = true ;
miFormatFontChecked.Checked = false ;
miFormatFontChecked = miClicked ;
if (miClicked == miSansSerif)
{
currentFontFamily = sansSerifFontFamily ;
}
else if (miClicked == miSerif)
{
currentFontFamily = serifFontFamily ;
}
else
{
currentFontFamily = monoSpaceFontFamily ;
}
rtbDoc.Font = new Font(currentFontFamily, fontSize);
}
//Format->Size Menu item handler
protected void FormatSize_Clicked( object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
MenuItem miClicked = (MenuItem)sender;
miClicked.Checked = true ;
miFormatSizeChecked.Checked = false ;
miFormatSizeChecked = miClicked;
if (miClicked == miSmall)
{
fontSize = FontSizes.Small ;
}
else if (miClicked == miLarge)
{
fontSize = FontSizes.Large ;
}
else
{
fontSize = FontSizes.Medium ;
}
rtbDoc.Font = new Font(currentFontFamily, fontSize);
}
#endregion {MENU_CLICK_MESSAGE_HANDLE}
3． 窗体的私有成员：
private struct FontSizes
{
public static float Small = 8f;
public static float Medium = 12f;
public static float Large = 24f;
}
private float fontSize = FontSizes.Medium;
private MenuItem miFormatFontChecked;
private MenuItem miFormatSizeChecked;
private MenuItem miSmall ;
private MenuItem miMedium ;
private MenuItem miLarge ;
private MenuItem miSansSerif ;
private MenuItem miSerif ;
private MenuItem miMonoSpace ;
private FontFamily currentFontFamily ;
private FontFamily monoSpaceFontFamily;
private FontFamily sansSerifFontFamily;
private System.Windows.Forms.MainMenu mnuChildMain;
private FontFamily serifFontFamily;
这样，子窗体的代码也完成了，展现的效果如下图所示：
其实在做 MDI 子窗体上的菜单要和主窗体上的菜单合并，主要是设置每个菜单的 MergeOrder ，对于每个菜单的 MergeOrder 设置不同的值，从而达到合并后的效果。以下用表格说明：
注：红色表示每个菜单的 MergeOrder 值
合并后的效果如下：
注：红色表示每个菜单的 MergeOrder 值
所以如果想在 MDI 子窗体上的菜单和主窗体上的菜单合并后，达到所预期的效果，就必须好好涉及它们之间的 MergeOrder ，大致如下：
1． 如果和主窗体原有的菜单列进行合并，首先把根菜单的 MergeOrder 设置与主窗体相应菜单一样的 MergeOrder 值，同时设置 MenuItem 的 MergeType 为 MenuMerge.MergeItems ，合并后在此列菜单中的位置，就看每个菜单的 MergeOrder 了。
2． 如果想在主窗体添加新的菜单列， MenuItem 的 MergeType 为 MenuMerge. Add ，菜单列插入的 位置，要看其 MergeOrder 了。
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