2023年12月7日发(作者：)

SMART详解1、查看SMART状态Worst=最坏值；这个名称容易产生歧意，其实就是某个属性出现过的峰值；Value=目前的值；Threshold=阈值/极限值；如果磁盘的某个属性超过阈值时，就表示该盘出现了问题；Status=状态；OK表示正常；FAIL表示磁盘已经出现问题了；如果当一个参数的数值(Value)往阈值(Threshold)变化，就表示该项参数在恶化，也许是常态的老化现象，也许是出现了问题；相反的，如果往门槛值的反方向变化时，则表示该问题在改善，或是状况已经暂时解除。但不管怎样，只要数值(Value)曾低于阈值(包括Worst)，就代表这颗磁盘快挂了，应该尽快备份数据。SMART数据会因硬盘厂商和产品型号的不同而有差异，不过不必担心，因为关键属性是任何一款硬盘都不会遗漏的。那什么叫关键属性？其实SMART的属性分为CriticalAttributes和InformativeAttributes两类，关键属性和信息属性。其中关键属性包括了有关硬盘健康的最重要的数据，而信息属性所提供的数据一般只是辅助性的，相对来说比较次要的。区分它们的方法是看threshold(阈值/极限值)，值为非零代表关键属性，为零代表信息属性。2、utesHex01AttributenameReadErrorRate读取出错率ThroughputPerformance输出性能Spin-UpTime旋上时间DescriptionIndicatestheratevaluehasdifferentstrul(general)alueofthisattributeisetimeofspindlespinup(fromzeroRPMtofullyoperational[millisecs]).硬盘马达达到规定转速所花费的时间Atallyofspindlestart/ndleturnson,andhencethecountisincreased,bothwhentheharddiskisturnedonafterhavingbeforebeenturnedentirelyoff(disconnectedfrompowersource)andwhentheharddiskreturnsfromhavingpreviouslybeenputtosleepmode.[13]硬盘马达启动/停止的次数。一般来说就是硬盘开关电源的次数，由于硬盘马达启/停时磨耗最大，所以这是硬盘寿命的一个参考值。Start/StopCount启停次数eharddrivefindsaread/write/verificationerror,itmarksthissectoras"reallocated"andtransfersdatatoaspecialreservedarea(sparearea).Thisprocessisalsoknownasremapping,and"reallocated"why,onmodernharddisks,"badblocks"cannotbeReallocatedSectorsfoundwhiletestingthesurface–r,asthenumberofreallocatedsectors再分配扇区的总数increases,theread/valuenormallyrepr,thehighertheattributevalue,themoresectorsthedrivehashadtoreallocate.硬盘内部在发现弱磁区时会将弱磁区的资料重新分配到备用区。ctionofthisMarginattributeisnotspecified.读取通道临界eisapartialfailureinthemechanicalpositioningsystem,rorRateSuchafailuremaybeduetonumerousfactors,suchasdamagetoa寻道出错率servo,valuehasdifferentstruormancethisattributeisdecreasing,itisasignofproblemsinthemechanical寻道时间性能valueofthisattributePower-OnHoursshowstotalcountofhours(orminutes,orseconds,dependingon(POH)manufacturer)inpower-onstate.加电工作时间硬盘开电时间总和，硬盘寿命的一个参考值。tributestoresatotalcountofthespinstartattemptstoreachthefullyoperationalspeedSpinRetryCount(undertheconditionthatthefirstattemptwasunsuccessful).An硬盘马达达到规定increaseofthisattributevalueisasignofproblemsintheharddisk转速所用的次数mechanicalsubsystem.硬盘马达达到规定转速所用的次数；可能供电不足，或者主轴马达老化。RecalibrationThisattributeindicatesthenumberoftimesrecalibrationwasRetriesrequested(undertheconditionthatthefirstattemptwasCalibration_Retry_unsuccessful).AnincreaseofthisattributevalueisasignofCountproblemsintheharddiskmechanicalsubsystem.校准重试次数Thisattributeindicatesthecountoffullharddiskpoweron/offPowerCycleCountcycles.硬盘加电次数总和硬盘电源开关的次数。由于硬盘马达启/停时磨耗最大，所以这是硬盘寿命的一个参考值。2-130D183B7184185186B8B9BA187BB188BC189BD190BE190B无法校正的读取错误，通报给作业系统的次数。软件读取出错率ountThisattributeisapartofHP'sSMARTIVtechnologyanditmeansEnd-to-EnderrorthataftertransferringthroughthecacheRAMdatabuffertheparitydatabetweenthehostandtheharddrivedidnotmatch.[14]ionDetectionReportedUncorrectableAnumberoferrorsthatcouldnotberecoveredusinghardwareECCErrors(seeattribute195).报告无法更正的错误lythisCommandTimeoutattributevalueshouldbeequaltozeroandifthevalueisfarabove命令超时zero,thenmostlikelytherewillbesomeseriousproblemswithpowersupplyoranoxidizeddatacable.[14]HDDproducersimplementaFlyHeightMonitorthatattemptstoprovideadditionalprotectionsforwriteoperationsbydesafeflyheightconditionisencountered,thewriteprocessisstopped,andtheinformationitributeatureisimplementedinmostmodernSeagatedrives[citationneeded]andsomeofWesternDigital’sdrives,beginningwiththeWDEnterpriseWDE18300andWDE9180Ultra2SCSIharddrives,andwillbeincludedonallfutureWDEnterpriseproducts.[15]AirflowAirflowtemperatureonWesternDigitalHDs(Sameastemp.[C2],asobsolete.)(WDC)西部数据硬碟专有的气流温度侦测。Valueisequalto(100–temp.°C),allowingmanufacturertosetaminimumthresholdwhichcorrespondstoamaximumtemperature.(Seagateonly?)[citationneeded]SeagateST910021AS:VerifiedPresent[citationneeded]TemperatureSeagateST9120823ASG:VerifiedPresentundername"AirflowDifferencefrom100TemperatureCel"2008-10-06SeagateST3802110A:VerifiedPresent2007-02-13[citationneeded]SeagateST980825AS:VerifiedPresent2007-04-05[citationneeded]SeagateST3320620AS:VerifiedPresent2007-04-23[citationneeded]SeagateST3500641AS:VerifiedPresent2007-06-12[citationneeded]3-191BFG-senseerrorrate冲击侦测错误率SeagateST3250824AS:VerifiedPresent2007-08-07[citationneeded]SeagateST3250620AS:VerifiedPresentSeagateST31000340AS:VerifiedPresent2008-02-05[citationneeded]SeagateST31000333AS:VerifiedPresent2008-11-24[citationneeded]SeagateST3160211AS:VerifiedPresent2008-06-12[citationneeded]SeagateST3320620AS:VerifiedPresent2008-06-12[citationneeded]SeagateST3400620AS:VerifiedPresent2008-06-12[citationneeded]SeagateST3750330AS:Verifiedpresent2009-07-06[citationneeded]SamsungHD501LJ:VerifiedPresentundername"AirflowTemperature"2008-03-02[citationneeded]SamsungHD753LJ:VerifiedPresentundername"AirflowTemperature"2008-07-15[citationneeded]Thenumberoferrorsresultingfromexternally-inducedshock&vibration.发生碰撞冲击造成的错误率。192C0193C1194C2195C3196C4197C5Power-offRetracanbeCyclecountunloadedwithoutactuallypoweringoff.[citationneeded](Fujitsu)[16]电源关闭数Countofload/unloadcyclesintoheadlandingzoneposition.[16]Thetypicallifetimeratingforlaptop(2.5-in)harddrivesis200,000to600,000loadcycles.[17]SomelaptopdrivesareprogrammedtoLoadCycleCountunloadtheheadswhenevertherehasnotbeenanyactivityforaboutLoad/UnloadCyclefiveseconds.[18]ManyLinuxinstallationswritetothefilesystemaCount(Fujitsu)fewtimesaminuteinthebackground.[19]Asaresult,theremaybe100ormoreloadcyclesperhour,andtheloadcycleratingmaybeexceededinlessthanayear.[20]从降落区起降的次数。TemperatureCurrentinternaltemperature.硬盘温度当前硬盘内部温度HardwareECCTherawvaluehasdifferentstructurefordifferentvendorsandisRecoveredoftennotmeaningfulasadecimalnumber.硬件ECC（错误检代表经由ECC的修正的资料变多，读出的资料状态劣化，可能查和纠正）恢复是出现老化或问题。valueofthisattributeshowstheReallocationEventtotalnumberccessful&unsuccessfulattemptsarecounted.重分配事件数目参见第5点，这是发生的次数；越多表示硬盘越危险。Numberof"unstable"sectors(waitingtoberemapped,becauseofCurrentPendingreaderrors).IfanunstablesectorissubsequentlywrittenorreadSectorCountsuccessfully,thisvalueisdecreasedandthesectorisnotremapped.待分配磁区数目Readerrorsonasectorwillnotremapthesector(sinceitmightbere4-198C6199C7200C8200C8201C9202CA203CB204CC205CDUncorrectableSectorCount无法更正错误的扇区总数UltraDMACRCErrorCount传输错误率Multi-ZoneErrorRate(WesternDigital)[21]多区域错误率WriteErrorRate(Fujitsu)写入错误率SoftReadErrorRateDataAddressMarkerrors数据地址标记错误RunOutCancel错误发生的频率SoftECCCorrection软件ECC修正次数ThermalAsperityRate(TAR)温度过高率FlyingHeight磁头飞行高度SpinHighCurrent自旋高电流SpinBuzzadablelater);instead,thedrivefirmwareremembersthatthesectorneedstoberemapped,andremapsitthenexttimeit'swritten.参见第5点，这是待分配（尚未分配）的磁区数量。Thetotalnumberofuncorrectableerrorswhenreading/nthevalueofthisattributeindicatesdefectsofthedisksurfaceand/orproblemsinthemechanicalsubsystem.(orOff-LineScanUncorrectableSectorCount–Fujitsu)[16]ThenumberoferrorsindatatransferviatheinterfacecableasdeterminedbyICRC(InterfaceCyclicRedundancyCheck).Thetotalnumberoferrorswhenwritingasector.[22]ofDataAddressMarkerrors(orvendor-specific).[citationneeded]NumberofECCerrorsNumberoferrorscorrectedbysoftwareECC[citationneeded]Numberoferrorsduetohightemperaure.[14]温度过高的频率，预示主轴马达可能受损，或者散热不良。gheightthat'stoolowincreasesthechancesofaheadcrashwhileaflyingheightthat'stoohighincreasesthechancesofaread/writeerror.[citationneeded]Amountofsurgecurrentusedtospinupthedrive.[14]主轴马达自旋时所使用的电流量，耗电流变大意味着轴承可能有磨损Numberofbuzzroutinesneededtospinupthedriveduetoinsufficientpower.[14]206CE207CF208D0209D1211212D3D4OfflineSeekPerformanceDrive’sseekperformanceduringitsinternaltests.[14]离线寻道性能VibrationDuringVibrationDuringWrite[citationneeded]WriteShockDuringWritShockDuringWrite[citationneeded]5-220DC221DD222DE223DF224E0225E1226E2227E3228E4230E6231E7240F0240F0241F1242F2250FA254FEeDiskShiftDistancethediskhasshiftedrelativetothespindle(usuallydueto磁盘位移shockortemperature).Unitofmeasureisunknown.可能是磁盘遭受过强烈撞击或热涨冷缩G-SenseErrorRateThenumberoferrorsresultingfromexternally-inducedshock&震动侦探错误率vibration.由外部引起的震动导致的错误率LoadedHoursTimespentoperatingunderdataload(movementofmagnetichead作业时间armature)[citationneeded]Load/UnloadRetryCountNumberoftimesheadchangesposition.[citationneeded]加载/卸载重试次数LoadFrictionResistancecausedbyfrictioninmechanicalpartswhileoperating.[citationneeded]摩擦力作业时产生的摩擦力Load/UnloadCycleTotalnumberofloadcycles[citationneeded]CountLoad'In'-timeTotaltimeofloadingonthemagneticheadsactuator(timenotspentinparkingarea).[citationneeded]TorqueNumberofattemptstocompensateforplatterspeedvariations[citationAmplificationneeded]CountPower-OffRetractThenumberoftimesthemagneticarmaturewasretractedCycleautomaticallyasaresultofcuttingpower.[citationneeded]GMRHeadAmplitudeof"thrashing"(distanceofrepetitiveforward/reverseAmplitudeheadmotion)[citationneeded]TemperatureDriveTemperature温度温度越低越好（由SMART软件告知的温度）HeadFlyingHoursTimewhileheadispositioning[citationneeded]磁头飞行的时间硬盘寿命的参考值TransferErrorRate(Fujitsu)Countsthenumberoftimesthelinkisresetduringadatatransfer.[23]TotalLBAsLBieswillreportanerorRetryRateNumberoferrorswhilereadingfromadisk读取错误重试率FreeFallProtectionNumberof"FreeFallEvents"detected[24]6-