2023年12月11日发(作者：)

Module 6 The Internet and Telecommunications

重点单词

contain, access, concentrate, design, expect, advantage, average

重点短语

consist of, come up with，compare with, as well, be expected to

重点句型

it作形式宾语

知识讲解

重点单词

contain

【原句回放】A CD-ROM is a separate disk that contains lots of information.

光盘只读存储器是一个单独的磁盘，存储大量的信息。

【点拨】contain vt. 包含，包括，着重指一个整体中含有、容有某事。

Sea water contains salt.

海水中含有盐分。

She was so angry that she couldn’t contain herself.

她气得控制不住自己。

The letter contains important information about the affair.

这封信包含这件事情的重要信息。

Your computer will break down if you open the email that contains viruses.

如果打开含有病毒的电子邮件，你的电脑就会出故障。

I have heard that a great trick was contained between his words.

我已经听出来了他的话里有阴谋。

contain oneself 自制，克制自己

Please contain yourself for a moment. 请克制一会儿。

【拓展】container n. 容器，集装箱

access

【原句回放】The World Wide Web (the web) is a computer network that allows computer users to

access information from millions of websites via the Internet. 万维网是一个网络系统，它允许电脑用户通过因特网来访问众多网站上的信息。

【点拨】access vt. 存取(计算机)文件；n. 通道，通路，机会

She accessed three different files to find the correct information.

她存取了三个文件以寻找所要的信息。

The only access to the farmhouse is across the fields.

要到那农舍去唯有穿过田地。

have/gain/get/obtain access to 得以接近，得以进入

Students should have access to a public library.

学生们必须有机会使用公共图书馆。

【拓展】accessible adj. 可利用的，可得到的，容易接近的

be accessible to 可得到的，可进入的

This book is easily accessible to beginners.

这书易于被初学者理解。 The president is not accessible to strangers.

陌生人无法接近总统。

concentrate

【原句回放】Concentrate on the good things about the Internet. 集中精力学习有关英特网的好东西。

【点拨】concentrate v. 专心于，致力于；集中(注意力)

concentrate (one’s ) on/upon (doing) sth. 集中精力于某事，专心于某事

We must concentrate our efforts on improving education.

我们必须致力于改进教育工作。

I can’t concentrate on my work when I’m tired.

我累了就无法集中精力工作。

【温馨提示】与意义接近的短语有：

fix one’s attention/eyes on/upon

focus (one’s attention) on

be absorbed in

bury oneself in/be buried in

concentration n. 专心，专注；关注

design

【原句回放】He designed the first “web browser”, which allowed computer users to access

documents from other computers. 他设计了第一个“网络浏览器”，它可以使电脑使用者从其他电脑上获取文件。

【点拨】design n. 图样；设计；装饰图案；v. 设计，意欲

The author designed a good plot in that novel.

作者在那部小说中设计了一个好情节。

by design故意

Do you think he did this by design?

你认为他这样做是有意的吗?

be designed to do 目的是做

design…for/be designed for 打算，目的是；设计……作(某种用途)

The book is designed for children only.

这本书是专为儿童设计的。

The programme was designed to help children who have dropped out of school because of

poverty.

这项计划的目的是帮助那些因为贫困而失学的儿童。

【拓展】designer n. 设计者

expect

【原句回放】The number of mobile phone users in China is expected to reach 500 million by

2007. 到2007年中国使用手机的人数有望达到5亿人。

【点拨】expect v. 预料，预期；期待，等待，期望；料想

expect (sb.) to do期待/料想/指望(某人)做某事

be expected to do sth. 应该做某事 as expected 按料想的

expect too much/a lot of sb. 对某人要求过高/很高

The talks are expected to continue until tomorrow.

预计会谈将持续到明天。

I wasn’t expecting you to help.

我没指望你帮忙。

I expect you can guess what follows.

我想你能猜出接下来发生了什么。

【拓展】expectation n. 期待，预期；[pl.]前程，成功的前景

live up to one’s expectations 不辜负某人的期望

【点拨】expect作“期待， 期望”解，侧重于相信或认为有实现可能的愿望。hope 作“希望”解，主要用来表示主观上的愿望，并对其实现抱有信心。wish 作“但愿， 希望”解， 表示某种未完成或不易完成的愿望。

expect/wish (sb.) to do

hope to do

expect sth./wish for sth./hope for sth.

wish＋双宾语

expect/hope/wish＋that从句

I hope that you can tell us the truth.

我希望你能告诉我真相。

We hope you to meet us at the station. (错误)

I wish you to go to Beijing with me next year.

我希望你明年和我一起去北京。

How I wish for his help.

我多么希望他能帮我。

We wish you success.

我们祝你成功。

wish的宾语从句常表示没能实现的或不易实现的愿望， 要用虚拟语气。

I wish (that) I were a millionaire.

我真希望我是个百万富翁。

advantage

【原句回放】What are the advantages of having a mobile phone? What are the disadvantages? 有手机有什么好处？有什么坏处？

【点拨】advantage n. 长处，优点，反义词disadvantage，弊端，缺点。at a disadvantage＝have

a disadvantage意为“处于劣势”。

weigh advantages and disadvantages 权衡利弊

There are advantages and disadvantages with emails.

电子邮件既有优点也有缺点。

You should weigh the advantages and disadvantages before take action.

在行动之前你应该权衡利弊。

take advantage of 利用

have an advantage over 优于，胜过

to one’s advantage/disadvantage 对……有利/不利 They had a major advantage over their better known rivals—they were cheaper.

跟其他较有名气的对手相比，它们的主要优点是便宜。

Let’s take advantage of the long vacation and make a trip to Hong Kong.

让我们利用这次长假去香港旅游。

The agreement is/works to our advantage.

协议对我们有利。

average

【原句回放】The average time the Chinese people spend online is 17 hours per week. 中国人平均每周上网17小时。

【点拨】average adj.平均的；平常的；n.平均，平均数；平均标准，一般水平；v.平均为；计算出……的平均数

an average of 平均有

on average作为平均数，一般地，通常

with an average of平均为

above/below average在平均水平以上(以下)

up to average达到平均

Do you know the average monthly rainfall in this area?

你知道这个地区的月平均降雨量吗？

To their great joy, their son’s schoolwork is well above average.

使他们高兴的是，他们儿子的学习成绩远远高于平均水平。

On average men smoke more cigarettes than women.

一般地说，男子比女子吸烟多。

重点短语

consist of

【原句回放】It consists of millions of pages of data. 它由数百万数据资料组成。

【点拨】consist of为及物动词，意为“由……组成/构成”，相当于be made up of，但不用于被动语态。

consist in＝lie in 主要在于

Life consists of not only sunshine but also hard times.

生活中不仅有阳光，还有艰难困苦的时候。

Life mainly consists of happiness and sorrow while happiness and sorrow consist in struggle.

生活主要是由快乐和悲伤组成的，而快乐和悲伤存在于拼搏之中。

consist with 与……一致；相符

Theory should consist with practice.

理论应与实践相一致。

come up with

【原句回放】He came up with the idea of the World Wide Web in 1989 while he was working in

Switzerland. 1989年，他在瑞士工作的时候，提出了创建万维网的想法。

【点拨】come up with 提出，想出；赶上

Is that the best excuse you can come up with?

那是你能想出的最好的借口吗？ I hope you can come up with a better plan than this.

我希望你能提出比这个更好的计划。

We are making our efforts to come up with advanced level.

我们正在努力赶上先进水平。

【拓展】表示“想出”的相关表达有：

think of 想出；hit an idea 想出；think out 想出

He thought of a reason to explain away his failure.

他想出一个理由为他的失败辩解。

Tony hit on an idea of sending his father a special present.

托尼想出一个主意，送给他爸爸一件特别的礼物。

Let’s get together and see if you can think out a scheme.

咱们碰头看看能否想出个计划。

compare with

【原句回放】Two percent of the total population of China have access to the Internet, compared

with 45 percent in the USA and 15 percent in Japan. 2%的中国人口使用因特网，相比之下，在美国和日本，这个比例是45%和15%。

【点拨】 和……相比；可与……相比/匹敌

If you compare your PC with mine, you will know yours is better.

如果把你的电脑和我的比较一下，你就会知道你的电脑较好。

Compared with them, we still have a long way to go.

和他们相比，我们还有很长的路要走。

When comparing my shop with yours, I know how to run it.

和你的商店一比较，我就知道如何经营了。

【拓展】 比作……；比喻为……

He compares books to silent friends.

他把书比作不说话的朋友。

beyond compare 无与伦比

She was a storyteller beyond compare.

她是个无与伦比的讲故事高手。

comparison n. 比较，对照

Living in the country is cheap in comparison with the big cities.

与大都市相比，在乡下生活较便宜。

as well

【原句回放】It then became possible for universities to use the system as well. 然后它使各大学也能使用这种交流系统。

【点拨】as well 也，还，相当于too, 通常置于句末， 用于肯定句中。

I’m coming to London and my sister’s coming as well.

我要来伦敦，我妹妹也会来。

as well as作“而且， 还有”讲时，用来连接并列的成分。当连接主语时，谓语动词应和前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。类似用法的还有：together with, with, along with, rather than等。

E-mail, as well as telephones, is playing an important part in daily communication. 和电话一样，电子邮件在日常通信中也起着重要的作用。

be expected to, be supposed to, be due to

【点拨】be expected to意为“有望，可能会”，表示期待马上到来的动作；be supposed to意为“本应该，按理应该”，表示事实上应该发生的动作；be due to表示“预期，可能”，表示事前计划的事情的发生。

They are expected to come on time.

期待他们按时到达。

Their flight is due to take off at 10: 30.

他们的航班预期在十点半起飞。

You are supposed to return before 8.

你应该在八点前回来。

重点句型

it作形式宾语

【原句回放】Berners-Lee made it possible for everyone to use the Internet, not just universities

and the army. 贝尔纳斯·李使每个人都可能用上网络，而不仅仅是大学和军队使用。

【点拨】上句中，it作形式宾语，不定式短语或从句作真正的宾语。

1. 主语＋谓语＋it＋adj. ＋(for sb.) to do sth.

2. 主语＋谓语＋it＋n. ＋to do sth.

3. 主语＋谓语＋it＋adj./n. ＋that从句

I don’t think it possible to master a foreign language without much work.

我认为要想精通外语不付出艰苦的劳动是不可能的。

He makes it a habit to visit his first teacher every year.

他每年都去看望他的启蒙老师， 这成了一个习惯。

He made it clear that he would resign.

他明确表示他要辞职。