2023年12月23日发(作者：)

信息系统知识—计算机专业英语

(总分14,考试时间90分钟)

1. 从供选择的答案中选出应填入英语文句中()的正确的答案。

Software products may be(A) into four basic types: application programs, programming

language processors, operating systems, and system utilities.

Application programs are programs that

(B) useful tasks such as solving statistical problems, or keeping **pany's books.

Programming language processors are programs that

(C) the use if a computer language in a computer system. They are tools for the development of

application programs.

Operating systems are programs that

(D) the system resources and enable you to run application programs.

System utilities are special programs that

(E) the usefulness of or add capabilities to a computer.

A～E: ① manage ② perform ③ support ④ reduce

⑤ divided ⑥ enhance ⑦ implemented ⑧ introduce

⑨ ranked ⑩ run

2. 从供选择的答案中选出应填入英语文句中()的正确的答案。

Here is a useful procedure for choosing a program:

① Study the features of all the programs you might choose(A) . Decide which features you

need, which you would

(B), and which you can do your jobs without.

② Eliminate the programs that clearly do not

(C) you needs.

③ Consider how the remaining programs perform the functions you will use most often. This

can affect a program's usability more than all the "nice" features that you will

(D) need.

④ Study the remaining programs carefully with

(E) experience if you can get it and decide which one is best for you.

A: ① for ② on ③ in ④ from

B、C: ① meet ② require ③ help ④ give ⑤ choose ⑥ like

D、E: ① often ② seldom ③ always ④ rich ⑤ hands-on ⑥ little

3. 从供选择的答案中选出应填入英语文句中()的正确的答案。

The C programming language has(A) one of the most

(B) programming languages, and it has been implemented on most **puters and multiuser

systems, especially those designed for research and development. It evolved from the version

described in Kernighan and Ritche's work (called "K&R C" after the authors into

(C) variants, including the standard ANSI C, which

(D) many type-checking features and includes a standard library. Of the two main

(E), K&R C is probably the **monly used on **puters, with ANSI C close behind in the **puting

world, ANSI C is far **mon.

A～E:

① much ② variants ③ complex ④ incorporates ⑤ several

⑥ become ⑦ popular ⑧ editions ⑨ come ⑩ users

4. 从供选择的答案中选出应填入英语文句中()的正确的答案。

The use of **puter is changing the very(A) of many jobs that exist within a business. In the

industrial

(B), tools were developed to assist in improving production, but much work still involved

(C) labor. The information(B) has brought about another change--a change from(C) labor to

(D) labor. Pressure on computer worker can be great. Whether operating a robot, running a

computer, or programming a computer, a single error can be

(E). The smallest error could misdirect an airline, disrupt delivery schedules, or cost millions of

dollars.

A～E:

① important ② great ③ disastrous ④ physical ⑤ body

⑥ brain ⑦ mental ⑧ revolving ⑨ revolution ⑩ nature

5. 从供选择的答案中选出应填入英语文句中()的正确的答案。

PCs originated as stand-alone(A), however, in recent years many have been

(B) to Local Area Networks (LANs). In a LAN, the data and usually the user application reside on

the File Server, a PC running a special Network Operating System (NOS) such as Novell's

NetWare or Microsoft's LAN Manager. The File Server manages the LAN users' shared access to

data on its hard

(C) and frequently provides access to other shared resources, such as printers. While a LAN

enables users of PC-based databases to share

(D) data files, it doesn't significantly change how the DBMS works; all the actual data

(E) is still performed on the PC running the database application.

A～E: ① calculating ② common ③ connected ④ disks

⑤ displayed ⑥ systems ⑦ primers ⑧ processing

⑨ some ⑩ workstations

6. 从供选择的答案中选出应填入英语文句中()的正确的答案。

Toolboxes and menus in many application programs were(A) for working with the mouse. The

mouse controls a pointer on the screen. You move the pointer by

(B) the mouse over a flat surface in the direction you want the pointer to move. If you run out of

(C) to move the mouse, lift it up and put it down again. The pointer moves only when the mouse is

(D) the flat surface. Moving the mouse pointer across the screen does not affect the document, the

pointer simply

(E) a location on the screen. When you press the mouse button, something happens at the location

of the pointer.

A: ① assigned ② designed ③ desired ④ expressed

B: ① putting ② sliding ③ serving ④ taking

C: ① board ② place ③ room ④ table

D: ① getting ② going ③ teaching ④ touching

E: ① constructs ② indicates ③ instructs ④ processes

7. 从供选择的答案中选出应填入英语文句中()的正确的答案。

**puter itself does not do all the work on its own. The work is done by a(A) of **puter, called

hardware, and

(B) of instructions, called software or computer programs. Inside the machine, the instructions are

(C) and carried out to do the work you want to do A computer without software is nothing more

than a mass of metal and plastic On the other hand, software without a computer is simply wasted

(D) because only **puter can use the software and put it to work .When you talk about a

computer's being able to do this or that, you are really referring to the

(E) that accepts **mands and **puter that carries them out.

A: ① memory ② chip ③ combination ④ wire

B: ① programs ② procedures ③ sets ④ subroutines

C: ① composed ② explained ③ interpreted ④ organized

D: ① disk ② file ③ tape ④ potential

E: ① editor ② hardware ③ keyboard ④ software

8. 从供选择的答案中选出应填入英语文句中()的正确的答案。

You should be(A) of developing your program, using something better than the method that

uses the philosophy: write

(B) down and then try to get it working. Surprisingly, this method is wide used to day with result

that an average programmer on an average job

(C) out only between five to ten lines of correct code per day. We hope your

(D) will be greater. But to improve requires that you apply some discipline to the

(E) of creating programs.

A: ① available ② capable ③ useful ④ valuable

B: ① anything ② nothing ③ something ④ thing

C: ① does ② looks ③ turns ④ runs

D: ① activity ② code ③ productivity ④ program

E: ① process ② experience ③ habit ④ idea

9. 从供选择的答案中选出应填入英语文句中()的正确的答案。

Applications **puters to practical business(A), but below the

(B) it's the heart of an operating system the kernel that provides the technical wizardry to juggle

multiple program, connect to networks and store

(C) .

A traditional kernel provides all the functions for applications. The kernel

(D) memory, I/O devices and parcels out processor time.

The kernel also supports security and fault

(E), which is the ability to recover automatically when parts of the system fail.

A: ① used ② use ③ apply ④ applied

B: ① earth ② bottom ③ table ④ surface

C: ① graphics ② data ③ text ④ image

D: ① manages ② manage ③ managed ④ managing

E: ① error ② question ③ tolerance ④ problem

10. 从供选择的答案中选出应填入英语文句中()内的正确的答案。

By using MP3, a 600M-byte music CD can be(A) to 50M bytes or less. It can be streamed

(downloaded in chunks) so that you can begin listening to the opening bars while the

(B) of the life arrives in the background. And, most important,MP3 music files retain good

listening

(C) that

(D) compression schemes lacked. That

(E) of features makes accessing and distributing music on the Web practical for the first time.

A: ① pressed ② compressed ③ compress ④ press

B: ① past ② next ③ rest ④ host

C: ① amount ② mass ③ quantity ④ quality

D: ① earlier ② front ③ later ④ backward

E: ① addition ② combination ③ difference ④ condition

11. 从供选择的答案中选出应填入英语文句中()的正确的答案。

Because Web servers are platform and application(A), they can send or request data from

legacy or external applications including databases. All replies, once converted into

(B) mark-up language, can then be transmitted to a

(C). Used in this way, Intranets can

(D) lower desktop support costs, easy links with legacy applications and databases and,

(E) all, ease of use.

A: ① coupled ② dependent ③ independent ④ related

B: ① ciphertext ② hypertext ③ plaintext ④ supertext

C: ① browser ② repeater ③ router ④ server

D: ① off ② offer ③ office ④ officer

E: ① abort ② about ③ above ④ around

12. 从供选择的答案中选出应填入英语文句中()的正确的答案。

Software quality assurance is now an(A) sub-discipline of software engineering. As Buckly

and Oston point out,

(B) software quality assurance is likely to lead to an ultimate

(C) of software costs. However, the major hurdle in the path of software management in this area

is the lack of

(D) software standards. The development of accepted and generally applicable standards should be

one of the principal goals of

(E) in software engineering.

A: ① emerging ② emergent ③ engaging ④ evolve

B: ① effective ② effortless ③ light ④ week

C: ① balance ② growth ③ production ④ reduction

D: ① usable ② usage ③ useless ④ useness

E: ① management ② planning ③ production ④ research

13. 从供选择的答案中选出应填入英语文句中()的正确的答案。

An instruction is made up of operations that(A) the function to be performed and operands that

represent the data to be operated on. For example, if an instruction is to perform the operation of

(B) two numbers ,it must know

(C) the two numbers are. The processor's job is to

(D) instructions and operands from memory and to perform each operation .Having done that, it

signals memory to send it

(E) instruction.

A: ① skip ② smile ③ smoke ④ specify

B: ① add ② added ③ adding ④ addition

C: ① when ② where ③ which ④ who

D: ① get ② make ③ push ④ put

E: ① ant ② last ③ next ④ second

14. 从供选择的答案中选出应填入英语文句中()内的正确的答案。

Software design is a(A) process. It requires a certain

(B) of flair on the part of the designer. Design can not be learned from a book. It must be practiced

and learnt by experience and study of existing systems. A well

(C) software system is straight forward to implement and maintain, easily

(D) and reliable .Badly(C) software systems, although they may work are

(E) to be expensive to maintain, difficult to test and unreliable.

A: ① create ② created ③ creating ④ creative

B: ① amount ② amounted ③ mount ④ mounted

C: ① design ② designed ③ designing ④ designs

D: ① understand ② understands ③ understanding ④ understood

E: ① like ② likely ③ unlike ④ unlikely