2024年3月22日发(作者：)

大学英语四级分类模拟题461

(总分：281.50，做题时间：90分钟)

一、Translation(总题数：11，分数：281.50)

1.丝绸之路(the Silk Road)是中国古代一条重要的商业贸易路线。它起始于古都西安，连接亚非欧三大洲。

最初的作用是运输中国古代出产的丝绸，因此，被命名为“丝绸之路”。丝绸之路不仅促进了古代亚欧间

的商业贸易，还增进了亚欧各国和中国的友好往来和文化交流。中国历史上一些著名人物的故事都与这条

路有关，如张骞、班超和玄奘。

（分数：20.00）

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正确答案：()

解析：The Silk Road is an important trade route in ancient China. It started in the ancient capital

Xi"an and connected the three continents of Asia, Africa and Europe. Because it was built to

transport silk produced in ancient China, it was named "the Silk Road". It not only promoted trade

between ancient Asia and Europe, but enhanced friendship and cultural communication between China

and other countries in Asia and Europe. In Chinese history, the stories of some famous characters

are related to the route, such as Zhang Qian, Ban Chao and Xuan Zang. 1．第2句中的“起始于”

和“连接”可译为两个并列动词started in… and connected…。

2．在第3句中，“因此”后面的内容才是主句所在，故其之前的内容可译为由Because引导的原因状语从

句；“最初的作用是运输中国古代出产的丝绸”既可直译为its primary function was to…，也可理解

为“建设的目的是运输……”，因此也可译为被动语态be built to transport…。

3．第4句中的“丝绸之路不仅……还……”中的“不仅”、“还”表明两个汉语句子之间是递进关系，可

用not only…，but…来表达。

4．最后一句的主干结构是“故事与路有关”；而该句中的“中国历史上”则可译为时间状语in Chinese

history，置于句首。

2.景德镇，原名昌南，位于江西省境内。景德镇历史悠久，是中国历史上的四大名镇之一。景德镇因其 瓷

器 (chinaware)的生产而闻名，据记载，其瓷器生产可以追溯到 汉代 (the Han Dynasty)。在 明代 (the

Ming Dynasty)，大量景德镇瓷器销往国外，极大地推动了景德镇陶瓷的对外贸易，扩大了中国陶瓷的影响。

由于制瓷历史久远、瓷器产品质地精良、对外销量大，景德镇获得了“ 瓷都 ”(capital of chinaware)

的称号。

（分数：20.00）

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正确答案：()

解析：Jingdezhen, formerly named Changnan, is located in Jiangxi Province. With a long history，

Jingdezhen is one of the four famous towns in Chinese history. Jingdezhen is famous for its

production of chinaware. It is recorded that Jingdezhen"s production of chinaware can date back

to the Han Dynasty. In the Ming Dynasty, lots of Jingdezhen"s chinaware was exported to foreign

countries, greatly promoting the foreign trade of chinaware in Jingdezhen and extending the

influence of Chinese chinaware. Jingdezhen has earned the title of "capital of chinaware", thanks

to its long history of chinaware production, the excellent quality and large amount of export

of its chinaware.

3.乒乓球是中国的一项重要体育项目。它的 运动强度 (exercise intensity)不大，占用的空间也不是太

大，因此在室内或户外的一块平台上就可以进行。这项运动可以提高人们身体各部位的协调性和大脑的反

应速度。目前，这项运动是中国最大的业余娱乐运动，估计有300万人打乒乓球。当然，我国的专业乒乓

球队的水平已在世界上遥遥领先。另外，这项运动在中国的外交关系中也发挥着重要作用。

（分数：20.00）

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正确答案：()

解析：Ping-pong is an important sport in China. Its exercise intensity is not high and it doesn"t

take up too much space, so it can be played on a platform indoors or outdoors. This sport can

improve people"s coordination of all the body parts and the speed of the brain"s reflection.

Currently, it is the biggest amateur recreational sport in China, with estimated 3 million players.

Of course, our country"s professional ping-pong team has been far ahead in the world. In addition,

this sport is playing an important role m China"s diplomatic relations.

4.狮舞 (Lion Dance)是中国最广为流传的民间舞蹈之一。狮为百兽之首，在中国传统中，狮子被视为是能

带来好运的吉祥物。古人将狮子视作勇敢和力量的化身，能驱赶邪恶、保护人类。据记载，狮舞已拥有了

2 000多年的历史。狮舞在唐代就已经被引入了皇室。因此，舞狮成为元宵节和其他节日的习俗，人们以

此来祈祷好运、平安和幸福。

（分数：12.50）

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正确答案：()

解析：The Lion Dance is one of the most widespread folk dances in China. The lion heads all the

animals. In Chinese tradition, the lion was treated as a mascot, which can bring good fortune

for people. For ancient people, the lion was an incarnation of bravery and strength, so it could

expel evil and protect humankind. The dance has a recorded history of over 2,000 years. In Tang

Dynasty, the Lion Dance was already introduced into the royal families. Therefore, performing

the Lion Dance at the Lantern Festival and other festive occasions becomes a custom, whereby people

can pray for good fortune, safety and happiness.

5.中国银行 (Bank of china)是中国四大国有商业银行之一。它在全球范围内为个人和企业客户提供全面、

优质的金融服务。自1912年成立以来，中国银行一直在中国的金融史上扮演着十分重要的角色。中国银行

的业务范围涵盖商业银行、投资银行、保险和 航空租赁 (aircraft leasing)。中国银行在世界各大金融

中心都开设了分支机构，并在全球30多个国家和地区建立起机构网络。

（分数：20.00）

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正确答案：()

解析：Bank of China is one of China"s four biggest state-owned commercial banks. It provides

comprehensive and high-quality financial services to individuals and company customers around

the world. Since its establishment in 1912, Bank of China has been playing a very important role

in China"s financial history. Its businesses cover commercial banking, investment banking,

insurance, and aircraft leasing. Bank of China has set up branches in different global financial

centers and built up its network in over 30 countries and regions in the world.

6.中国新年是中国最重要的传统节日，在中国也被称为春节。新年的庆祝活动从除夕开始一直延续到 元宵

节 (the Lantern Festival)，即从 农历 (lunar calendar)最后一个月的最后一天至新年第一个月的第十

五天。各地欢度春节的习俗和传统有很大差异，但通常每个家庭都会在除夕夜团聚，一起吃年夜饭。其他

的活动还有放鞭炮、发红包和走亲访友等。

（分数：10.00）

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正确答案：()

解析：Chinese New Year, known as the Spring Festival, is the most important traditional Chinese

holiday. Chinese people celebrate it from Chinese New Year"s Eve, the last day of the last month

of the lunar calendar, to the Lantern Festival on the 15th day of the first month. Customs and

traditions concerning the celebration of the Chinese New Year vary widely from place to place.

However New Year"s Eve is usually an occasion for Chinese families to gather for the annual reunion

dinner. Other activities include setting off firecrackers, giving money in red envelopes, and

visiting relatives and friends.

7.

壮族

壮族 (the Zhuang ethnic minority)是中国人口最多的少数民族，约有1900万人。超过90%的壮族人居

住在广西，其余分布在云南、广东、贵州和湖南等南方省份。壮族人有自己的语言。壮语主要分为南北两

大方言。由于南方地区气候温和， 雨量 (rainfall)充足，壮族的主要农产品是热带和 亚热带 (subtropical)

作物，如水稻和玉米。大多数壮族人的日常食物与汉族的并无多大差别。

（分数：20.00）

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正确答案：()

解析：With a population of about 19 million, the Zhuang ethnic minority is the largest minority

group in China. Over 90 percent of the Zhuang people live in Guangxi while the rest is distributed

in southern provinces in China like Yunnan, Guangdong, Guizhou and Hunan. The Zhuang people has

its own language which is mainly divided into southern dialect and northern one. The Zhuang

people"s agricultural products are tropical and subtropical crops such as rice and corn due to

the mild climate and abundant rainfall in southern China. The daily food of most Zhuang people

is of little difference from that of Han people. [解析] 1．第1句用介词短语结构with a population

of about 19 million来表达“约有1900万人”，这样译文简洁流畅且符合英文表达习惯。

2．第2句的两个分句分述了壮族人的居住地，可处理成用while连接的并列句，表对比。在后半句“其余

分布在云南、广东、贵州和湖南等南方省份”中，宾语的核心词是“南方省份”，而前面的修饰成分较长，

故将其置后，用介词短语like Yunnan，Guangdong，Guizhou and Hunan来表达。

3．第3、4句都是讲述壮族的语言，且语句均较短，这种情况可通过使用定语从句的方法来“合句”翻译。

故将第4句“壮语主要分为南北两大方言”处理成前一句话的定语从句，用关系代词which引出。

4．倒数第2句的第1个分句“由于南方地区……”表原因，若译成because引导的从句，译文显得啰嗦冗

长，故用介词短语来处理，将“气候温和”和“雨量充足”转译成名词词组，语言精炼，表达

清晰。

5．最后一句比较了壮族和汉族的饮食，该句可按中文语序直译，“并无多大差别”译为be of little

difference。该句也可以处理成there be句型，译为there is little difference between the daily food

of most Zhuang people and that of Han people.

8.光棍节 (Singles" Day)——11月11日是在20世纪90年代开始流行的。单身青年在这一天互相请客吃

饭或送礼物给心上人，以告别单身。赠送礼物的传统使光棍节成为购物节，所有销售商，从卖珠宝的到卖

电视的，甚至到卖汽车的，都看到了这个营销机会，并推出了光棍节促销活动。现在，光棍节已经成为中

国人疯狂网购的Et子。这是美国“ 网络星期一 ”(Cyber Monday)——感恩节周末后的第一天的翻版。这

天圣诞采购开始，是商人售卖最忙碌的一天。

（分数：12.50）

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正确答案：()

解析：Singles" Day—Nov. 11 began to gain its popularity in the 1990s. Unattached young people

would treat each other to dinner or give gifts to the person he/she loves to end their single

status on this day. Gift-giving tradition helped to turn Singles" Day into a shopping festival

as sellers of everything from jewelries to TVs, even to cars saw a marketing opportunity and

launched Singles" Day sales. Singles" Day has now become a day of crazy online shopping among

the Chinese. It is similar to Cyber Monday in the United States—the day after Thanksgiving weekend,

when online Christmas shopping begins and merchants have their busiest sales day.

9.中国新一代领导人希望进行很多改革，其中最迫在眉睫的是给予城市移民者及其家庭与其他公民同样的

机会。近日在北京，允许农村或外来移民者的孩子参加首都的大学入学考试已引起激烈的争论。当今社会

的核心问题即中国的户籍登记制度——户口。户口是当地政府划分本地居民权利的依据。如果父母双方都

没有北京户口，孩子即使在北京出生，也必须回到户籍所在地参加高考。

（分数：106.50）

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正确答案：()

解析：Of the many reforms that China"s new leaders expect to tackle, the most urgent one is giving

migrants and their families the same opportunities in the cities as any other citizens. Recently

in Beijing, the proposal of allowing the children of migrants from the countryside or other cities

to sit university exams in the capital has triggered fierce debate. The heart of the problem is

China"s system of household registration, or hukou. It forms the basis by which local governments

define the privileges to which residents are entitled. The Beijing-born students, both of whose

parents have no Beijing Hukou, must sit the university entrance exam in their place of household

registration.

10.中国是世界上公认发明指南针的国家。早在2400多年前，中国人就创造出世界上最早的指南针。后来

经过不断改进，到 宋朝 (the Song Dynasty)人们制造出铁针指南针并应用于航海。中国是第一个在海船

上使用指南针的国家。指南针为 明代 (the Ming Dynasty)郑和下西洋提供了条件。后来指南针传入欧洲，

推动了欧洲航海事业的发展，为 哥伦布 (Columbus)的航行提供了技术保证。

（分数：20.00）

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正确答案：()

解析：China is universally recognized as the country having invented the compass. As early as

2,400 years ago, Chinese people created the earliest compass in the world. Later it was further

improved continuously. During the Song Dynasty, people produced the compass with iron needles

and applied it in navigation. China is the first country using the compass on sea-going ships.

The compass provided aid for Zheng He"s voyages to the Western Ocean in the Ming Dynasty. Later

the compass spread into Europe, promoting the development of the European marine industry and

guaranteeing technical support for Columbus" navigation.

11.

孔子

孔子(Confucius)是我国古代著名的思想家、教育家，儒家学派(Confucian school)的创始人。相传孔子有

弟子三千，贤弟子72人，孔子曾带领部分弟子周游列国14年。在中国五千年的历史上，对华夏民族的性

格、气质(temperament)产生最大影响的人或许就是孔子了。他正直、乐观向上、积极进取。他一生都在追

求真、善、美，一生都在追求理想的社会。他品格中的优点，几千年来影响着中国人，特别是影响着中国

的知识分子。

（分数：20.00）

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正确答案：()

解析：

Confucius

Confucius is a famous ideologist, educator, and the founder of Confucian School in ancient China.

It"s said he has 3,000 disciples, 72 out of whom are excellent ones, and he has led some disciples

to visit various states for 14 years. During 5,000 years" history of China, it"s Confucius who

may have exerted the greatest impact on Chinese nation"s characteristic and temperament. He is

upright, optimistic, active and enterprising, striving for truth, goodness and beauty, and seeking

for an ideal society all his life. The shining points in his characteristics have been influencing

the Chinese people, especially the Chinese intellectuals for thousands of years.