2024年3月28日发(作者：)
Unit 1 Literature
Prepare Yourself
Do you know ?
communication satellite 通讯卫星
mobile telephony 移动通讯
intelligent robot 智能机器人
clone 克隆
telecommunications 远程通讯
How do you say it ?
文学 literature
科幻小说 science fiction
空间旅行 space traveling
外星人 alien
人类社会 human society
高技术 high-technology
信息时代 information age
信息产业 information industry
Make up a sentence
It took 100 years before the moon landings predicted by the French writer Jules Verne
actually took place.
法国科幻小说家Jules Verne预言的人类登月，整整用了100年才变成现实。
Text 1 What’s the Big Idea?
Imagination is more important than knoeledge.
Word Glossary
sponsor 英['spɒnsə] 美['spɑnsɚ]
n. 赞助者；主办者；保证人
vt. 赞助；发起
prominent 英['prɒmɪnənt]美['prɑmɪnənt]
adj. 突出的，显著的；杰出的；卓越的
fiction 英['fɪkʃ(ə)n]美['fɪkʃən]
n. 小说；虚构，编造；谎言
hostile 英['hɒstaɪl]美['hɑstl]
adj. 敌对的，敌方的；怀敌意的
n. 敌对
frivolous 英['frɪv(ə)ləs]美['frɪvələs]
adj. 无聊的；轻佻的；琐碎的
mutual 英['mjuːtʃʊəl; -tjʊəl]美['mjutʃuəl]
adj. 共同的；相互的，彼此的
suspicion 英[sə'spɪʃ(ə)n]美[sə'spɪʃən]
n. 怀疑；嫌疑；疑心；一点儿
vt. 怀疑
speculation 英[,spekjʊ'leɪʃn]美[,spɛkju'leʃən]
n. 投机；推测；思索；投机买卖
remarkably 英[ri'ma:kəbli]
adv. 显著地；非常地；引人注目地
robotic 美[ro'bɑtɪk]
adj. 机器人的，像机器人的；自动的
n. 机器人学
telephony 英[tɪ'lef(ə)nɪ]美[tə'lɛfəni]
n. 电话（学）；电话制造
predict 英[prɪ'dɪkt]美[prɪ'dɪkt]想
vt. 预报，预言；预知
vi. 作出预言；作预料，作预报
alien 英['eɪlɪən]美['elɪən]
adj. 外国的；相异的，性质不同的；不相容的
n. 外国人，外侨；外星人
vt. 让渡，转让
emerge 英[ɪ'mɜːdʒ]美[ɪ'mɝdʒ]
vi. 浮现；摆脱；暴露
vision 英['vɪʒ(ə)n]美['vɪʒən]
n. 视力；美景；眼力；幻象；想象力
vt. 想象；显现；梦见
dominate 英['dɒmɪneɪt]美['dɑmɪnet]
vt. 控制；支配；占优势；在…中占主要地位
vi. 占优势；处于支配地位
Expressions and Phrases
in reality 实际上；事实上
call for 要求；需要；提倡；邀请；为…叫喊
in the middle of 在…中间
deal with 处理；涉及；做生意
in search of 寻找；搜寻
play a role in 在……起作用
Notes
“He backs a company which produces intelligent robots, capable of learning new
tasks from their environment.”
他主办了一家公司，主要生产智能机器人，这种机器人能够根据它所处环境而学
习处理各种任务。
本句中capable of learning new tasks from their environment做定语修饰intelligent
robots，起补充说明的作用。
SECTION B
Ⅱ.
Vocabulary study
A. Complete each of the following sentences by choosing the right word or expression fron
the box and make changes where necessary.
predict reveal dominate in search of play a major role in
预料 揭露 支配、占主导作用 搜寻 在…方面起主要作用
call for in reality speculation a wide range of respect
号召 实际上 推测 广泛的 尊重
1、They got there in the late afternoon and went around in search of a place to stay.
他们在下午晚些时候到达那里并四处寻找栖身之地。
2、The astronomers were questioned on a wide range of subjects from physics to psychology.
宇航员被问到广泛的问题，从物理学到心理学。
3、As people spend more time watching TV and reading the newspapers, the media plays a major
role in influencing their opinions. 注意复数加s
因为人们花大量的时间看电视、看报纸，媒体在影响他们的观点上发挥了主要作用。
4、There was a strange silence about what was happening, but the details of the murder were
finally revealed by the local paper.
人们对于关于当时发生的事情表现出奇怪的沉默，但是谋杀的细节最终被当地报纸揭露出
来。
5、After another round of negotiations, they finally signed a declaration calling for an immediate
ceasefire.
经过又一轮谈判之后，他们终于签署了号召立即停火的宣言。
6、Xiao Ling always seems so self-confident, but in reality she is extremely shy.
小玲看起来总是很自信，但实际上她十分害羞。
7、I have to admit that she is very nice as a hostess, but she dose tend to dominate the
conversation.
我不得不承认她是个非常好的主持人，但她确实试图在整个谈话中占主导作用。
8、Out of respect for the whishes of her family, the accident was not reported in the local
media.
为了尊重她家人的愿望，这个事故没有在当地媒体中报道。
9、The company's expansion was predicted on the assumption that sales would rise.
曾经有人预料假设销售量上升这家公司就会扩张。
10、Any suggestion of an imminent crash in stock market is pure speculation .
股票市场即将崩溃的任何建议都纯粹是推测。
B. Choose the appropriate word for each sentence ,using the proper form.
culture / cultural
1. The students attended a class entitled “Beyond Tradition ”,in which they discussed
the effect of technology on traditional culture .
学生们上了一堂名为“超越传统”的课，课上他们讨论了技术对传统文化的影响。
2. China has a vast territory and abundant resources .She is a large country with a long
history and a rich cultural heritage . 形容词，后加名词
中国领土宽广，资源丰富。她是一个历史悠久文化遗产丰厚的大国。
sponsored/sponsoring 赞助、资助 第一个是动词/ 现在分词名称
3. At the conference , the minister accused the organization of sponsoring
terrorism .
会上，部长指控该组织资助恐怖主义。 介词后面要加ing 变成动名词
4. The research program is sponsored by a large computer company.
该研究项目由一个大计算机公司赞助。 表示被赞助
complication/complexity 复杂/复杂性
5. The drop in student numbers added further complication to the situation.
学生数量的减少使得情况更加复杂。
6. Now he was getting a lesson in the complexity of diesel engines. 词组
现在，他从柴油发动机的复杂性中得到了教训。
dominate/prevail 支配、占统治地位/流行、取胜、占优势
7. Being a member of Animal Adoration Society, she seems to think that animal rights
should prevail over everything else . 词组
作为一个动物崇拜会的成员，她似乎认为动物的权利应优于一切。
8. It was obvious that her husband completely dominated her.
显然，她的丈夫完全支配着她。 注意 过去时加d
investors/supporters 投资者/支持者
9. As one of the leading candidates for the presidency, he still needs the help of his
supporters to win the election .
作为一名主要的总统候选人，他仍然需要他的支持者们帮助他赢得选举。注意加
S，复数。
10. In most cases, investors are entitled to a reasonable return on their money .
大多数情况下，投资者有权得到他们投资的合理回报。 注意加S，复数。
SECTION C
III Sentence correction 句子改错 第9页 破折号后面的是正确答案
1. Eventually he realizes what--（that ）they are asking themselves a question which
has never occurred to him.
最后，他意识到他们正在问自己一个从来没在他身上发生过的问题。
2. Modern drugs have a new role to be played----（to play） in controlling diseases of
the mind . have a role to play, 发挥作用，不用被动语态
3. she has a cheerful disposition and has kept in contact for --（with）most of her
friends from college . in contact with 词组，和…接触
4. After another round of negotiations ,they called on ----（for）the immediate release
of the hostages . call for ，词组 号召，呼吁
5. There were some delays on the road because of heavy traffic and it spend ---（took）
him there hours to get to the airport. It took him some time to do, 花了某人多少时间
干某事
SECTION D
Ⅰ. Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.
Science fiction is a literature genre developed in the 20th century in which the fiction
writer addresses how scientific discoveries, technological developments, and future
events and societal changes affect human beings. The description of these influences
may be a careful and informed extrapolation of scientific facts and principles, or it
may range into farfetched areas flatly contradictory of such facts and principles.
科幻小说是20世纪发展起来的一种文学体裁，科幻小说作家在其作品中描述科
学发现、技术进步以及未来的事情和社会变化如何影响人类。对这些影响的描写，
可能是对科学事实和原理的一种细致而有根据的判断，或是描写与这些事实和原
理完全矛盾的令人难以置信的一些领域。
Ⅱ. Translate the following paragraph into English.
由于现代科学的兴起,特别是天文学和物理学的巨大变革，科学幻想小说的出现
才成为可能。真正的科幻小说始于19世纪末儒勒•凡尔纳的科学幻想浪漫故事，
不过，凡尔纳的科学只是停留在发明的水平上。
Science fiction was made possible only by the rise of modern science itself, notably
the great revolutions in astronomy and physics, Science fiction proper began toward
the end of the 19th century with the scientific romances of Jules Verne, whose
science was rather on the level of invention.
Unit 2 Business
Prepare Yourself
Do you know ?
stock holder 股东
taxing authority 税务机关
charitable organization 慈善机构
nonprofit firm 非盈利公司
sales forecast 销售预测
economic forecast 经济预测
How do you say it ?
管理 management
协调 coordinate
运作operate
人力资源 human resources
经费 funds
决策make decisions
政府部门governmental agencies
金融机构financial institution
Make up a sentence
Human resources can achieve maximum productivity only when they have access to
appropriate types of physical resources.
只有当人力资源与物质资源的正确类型相匹配时，才能实现产出最大化.
Text 2 A Definition of Management
Good management is a vehicle for social progress.
SECTION B
Ⅱ.
Vocabulary study
A. Complete each of the following sentences by choosing the right word or expression fron
the box and make changes where necessary.
require acquire operate comprehend motivate maintain
要求 获得 操作、经营 理解 激励 维持
adapt to be certain access to coordinate component convert
适应于 肯定 进入 协调 组成部分 转变
1、As an excellent manager, he is very good at motivating his employees.
作为一名杰出的经理，他非常善于激励他的员工。
2、Their principal activities are to serve the French corporations operating abroad.
他们的主要活动是为法国公司的国外经营服务。
3、The two rival companies maintained close relations for ten years.
两家竞争公司维持了10年的密切关系。
4、A large complex organization can be slow to adapt to changes.
一个大型的复杂组织适应变化可能比较缓慢。
5、The ability to use a language can be acquired only by the act of using the language.
使用一门语言的能力可以通过仅仅使用这门语言就能够获得。
6、A password is needed to get access to the computer system.
加入电脑系统需要密码。
7、Good records are required for the preparation of complete and accurate tax documents.
为了准备完整有精确的税收文件需要完善的记录。
8、They read the story, but only a few fully comprehended its meaning.
他们读了这个故事，但是只要少数几个人完全理解它的意思。
9、They converted the medieval castle into a beautiful theater.
他们把这个中世纪的城堡变成了一座美丽的戏院。
10、The doctor was certain after examining his wounds that he could not possibly live.
在检查完他的伤势之后，这个医生确定他不可能存活。
B. Choose the appropriate word for each sentence ,using the proper form.
Process/procedure 过程、步骤/程序
1. John did not follow the correct procedure in applying for the job.
约翰在申请工作时没有遵循正确的程序。
2. The firm is now on the process of moving the machines to a new factory . 词组
该公司现在正在将机器搬往新工厂的过程中。
Coordinate/cooperate 协调/合作
3. The scientists from the two medical schools are cooperating in the attempt to
find a cure for the disease. 注意进行时加ing
来自两个医学院的科学家正合作试图找到治愈该疾病的方法。
4. They appointed a new manager to coordinate the work of the team.
他们任命了一位新经理来协调该团队的工作。
Objetive/objection 目标/反对
5. He set an objective for the new organization to provide free legal aid to the
poor.
他为新组织设立了目标，为穷人提供免费的法律援助。
6. The main objection to program was that it would cost too much .
该项目的主要反对是它可能花费太大。
effctive/efficient 有效的/高效的
7. They used a new drug in the treatment that is effective against the cancer .
他们在治疗过程中使用新药物，该药物对付癌症非常有效。
8. A successful manager needs an efficient secretary.
一个成功的经理需要一名高效的秘书。
Productive/productivity 高产的/产量
9. The installation of the new machinery has doubled the productivity of the
factory .
安装新机器使得该工厂的产量翻倍增加。
10. The new training program made the workers highly productive .
新的培训计划使得个人生产力提高。
III .Prepositions and adverbs
Fill each blank with an appropriate preposition or adverb. 1. He said that they
should examine all the costs involved in the project first.
他说他们应该首先检查这个工程涉及的成本。固定词组，涉及
2. Dealing with this diversity of human resources in the 2010’s and beyond will be a
significant challenge to managers. 固定词组，对…挑战
在2010年和之后处理人力资源的多样性并将对经理们是个重大的挑战。
3. Smith’s Tuesday morning experiences are typical of managerial work, which is
varied, fragmented, and difficult to plan and organize. 固定词组，典型的
史密斯星期二早上的经历是典型的管理工作，这种工作是多样的、散碎的并且很
难计划和组织。
4. Effective managers may be one of a developed country’s most valuable resources,
and they are one of the most needed resources in less developed countries .
效率高的经理可能是发达国家最有价值的资源之一，他们在不太发达的国家是最
需要的资源之一。 less 副词，修饰形容词，表示较少的
5. The specific tasks of a manager in a college or university department differ from
those of people managing in other organizations .
大学部门经理的具体任务不同于在其他组织中从事管理工作的人的任务 固定词
组，不同于
6. Bad management results in poor employee morale, poor quality,
low productivity, and unnecessary employee-employer conflicts . 固定词组，
导致
劣质的管理导致职员士气不佳，质量差，产量低以及不必要的雇主和员工之间的
冲突。
7. Errors in judgement for job hunting can prevent even the finest candidate from
landing the job she or he wants . 固定词组，在…方面的错误。
求职的判断错误会阻止最好的候选人得到他或她获得想要的工作。
8. The business plan is a written document that clearly defines the goals of a business
and outlines the methods for achieving them . 固定词组，…的方法
商业计划是一份书面文件，该文件明确规定了商业的目标并列出了实现目标的方
法。
9. Rapid technological developments in transportation and communications have
brought the peoples of the world closer together in a physical sense. 固定词
组，在…意义上
交通和通讯方面的快速的技术发展已经使得全世界的人们在物理意义上更加接
近。
10. A recent survey revealed that 54 percent considered a foreign language necessary
for doing business abroad . 副词，在国外
最近的调查显示54%的人们认为一门外语是在国外做生意所必须的。
SECTION C
Ⅰ.情态动词（Modal verbs）
情态动词与其他动词一起构成谓语，表示“可以、能力、可能性、允许、建议、
必须、应该、需要”等含义；常用的情态动词有can、could、may、might、must、
ought、need 等，其中ought接动词不定式，其他情态动词接动词原形。
上面情态动词的语气顺序：由左向右逐渐加强
might may could can ought should must
A．Translate the following Chinese sentences into English using appropriate
modal verbs.
1、她说不应当允许发生这样的错误。
She said that such errors ought not to be allowed.
2、在挑选计算机时，你必须要选择合适的软件。
When choosing a computer, you will need to select the right software.
3、我们在工作中可能会有机会与国外的专家进行交流。
In our work, we may occasionally communicate with experts in other countries.
4、如果一个人要在商界成功的话，就必须克服这些困难。
These obstacles must be overcome if one is to be successful in the business world.
5、市场调研十分重要，搜集到的信息可以增加你盈利的可能性。
Market research is very important, the information which has been gathered can
increase your profit potential.
6、 因为没有一家公司的财政经费有它所期待的那么多，所以公司必须就如何使
用其有限的资金进行决策。
Because no company has many financial resources as it would like to have (as might
have been expected), decision must be made regarding how these limited resources
will be used.
B.
Complete the following sentences by using the proper modal verbs for the verbs in the
brackets.
1. I was waiting all the morning. You should have told（tell） me you weren’t coming.
我整个早上都在等，你本应该告诉我你要来的。
2. There must have been (be)a bad accident here. Look at all the broken glass around..
这儿肯定发生了严重事故，看到处是破玻璃。
3. I should like to have been told (tell) the result earlier .
我本来希望早点被告知这个结果的。
4. You needn’t have carried (not carry) all those parcels by yourself .The shop would have
delivered them if you had required it .
你本不需要亲自运送这些包裹的。商店会送过来如果你要求的话。
5. No one dared to question (question) the order of the commander at that time .
当时，没人敢怀疑指挥官的命令 。
6. I can’t find my mobile phone. I may have left (leave) it in the restaurant yesterday .
我找不到我的手机了。我可能昨天掉在旅馆了。
7. Since you’ve finished with these magazines, you may as well sell (sell)them and make some
money.
既然你已经看完了这些杂志，你不妨卖掉它们赚些钱。
8. ----Look! Those people who are coming into the hall are carrying wet umbrellas .
----It must be raining /must have been raining (rain)outside.
瞧，那些进入大厅的人们正带着湿雨伞。
外面肯定在下雨/肯定已经下过雨。
ⅡSentence correction
1. Believe it or not ,his success was due in ---（to）luck . due to 词组
2. The changes have been apparent at ---（over）the past five years. Over 在过去的
五年中。
3. In addition for--- (to )English, the students learn art ,music and history .
in addition to 词组，除了…以外。
4. Tim likes outdoor activities. He will go out other ---( rather) than stay home.
Rather than 词组，而不愿
5. She hasn’t made up her mind as for --（to）where she will spend her holiday .
as to 词组， 关于
SECTION D
Ⅰ.Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.
Managerial economics is the study of the application of economic principles of
decision-making in business firms or in other management units. The basic concepts
are derived mainly form microeconomic theory, which studies the behavior of
individual consumers, firms, and industries, but new tools of analysis have been
added. Statistical methods, for example, are becoming increasingly important in
estimating current and future demand for products.
管理经济学研究将经济学原理运用于企业公司或其他管理部门的决策之中，其基
本概念主要来自研究个体消费者、公司和行业的经济行为的微观经济学，但加进
了新的分析方法。例如各种统计方法在估计产品当前和今后的需求中已日渐重
要。
Ⅱ.Translate the following paragraph into English.
好的管理是实现个人和社会目标的不可缺少的内容。好的管理可以创造高质量的
工作和高生产率，可以把冲突减至最低程度和最大限度地促进合作，所有这些会
使经济不断改善，而这又为个人发展和社会进步打下很好的基础。
Good management is a vital element in achieving personal and social objectives.
Good management can creat high quality and high productivity, minimize
conflicts and maximize cooperation, all of which lend to an
improving economy which lays an excellent foundation for personal development and
social progress.
Unit 3 Travel
Prepare Yourself
Do you know ?
tourist resort旅游胜地
landscape scenery 山水风光
virgin forest 原始森林
hitchhiking 沿途免费搭乘他人便车旅行
outdoor adventures户外冒险活动
a camper 野营者
How do you say it ?
远足hike
兜风go for a ride
观光sight-seeing
探险explore, exploration
交游go outing
滑雪 skiing
冲浪surfing
睡袋sleeping bag
导游图 tourist map
夏令营summer camp
Make up a sentence
Once in the wilderness, your chief worry will be, not how to avoid other hikers, but
how not to get lost!
在空旷的野外，你最担心的不是避开旅游高峰，而是怕迷了路！
Text 1 Enjoy the Great Outdoors
Happiness takes no account of time.
SECTION B
Ⅱ.Vocabulary study
B. Complete each of the following sentences by choosing the right word or
expression fron the box and make changes where necessary.
accessible to push off at a price a craving for
能接近的 启程 昂贵的 渴望
negotiate accommodate unique consistently
谈判 留宿 独特的 一贯
1、Housing could be obtained at a price .
高价才能获得住房。
2、Medicine should not be kept where it is accessible to children.
药物不能放在孩子们能够接近的地方。
3、Patrick is not sure whether he can （ negotiate the turn）at the bottom.
帕特里克不能肯定在底端他是否能够拐弯。这是一个固定词组-----拐弯
4、The hungry beggar had a craving for food, any food left by the guests.
这个饥饿的乞丐非常渴望食物，客人留下的任何食物。
5、Let's push off early so that we'll get there before nightfall.
我们早点启程吧，那样我们就能在天黑之前到达那里。
6、John and Armstrong maintain consistently a high standard.
约翰和阿姆斯特朗一贯保持高水平。
7、Those foreign students are accommodated in Canadian homes near the
campus for a three-week orientation program.
这些外国学生在校园附近的加拿大人的家里住宿为了进行三星期的迎新活动。
8、Each person's signature is unique and that will help us to find out if this
document is a forgery.
每一个人的签名都是独特的，这将帮助我们查明这个文件是伪造的。
C. Chose the right word to complete each of the following sentences.
Accessible/available 可到达、可接近的/提供的、可用的
1. Since 1978, the amount of money available to buy books has fallen by 17% .
自1978年以来，可以用来买书的钱减少了17%。
2. The building has been made accessible to disabled people .
这栋大楼能够让残疾人可以进入。
Consistently/constantly 始终、一贯地/不断地
3. She is constantly changing her mind .
她不断地改变主意。
4. He has consistently stood firm on the side of the oppressed people .
他一贯坚定地站在被压迫人民的一边。
Convert/reverse 转变、变换/颠倒
5. They convert an old stable into a little comfortable house .
他们把一个旧亭子变成了一个舒适的房子。
6. Because the normal word order is reversed in passive voice sentences, they are
sometimes hard to follow.
因为在被动语态里正常单词的顺序被颠倒了，它们有时很难理解。
Outdoor/outdoors 户外的/在户外
7. If you enjoy outdoor activities, this is the trip for you .
如果你喜欢户外运动，这个旅行很适合你。
8. I reckon it’s warm enough to eat outdoors this evening .
我承认今天晚上足够温暖在户外吃东西。
Sky/skies 天空/天空的状态
9. The Tibetan highland is a land of blue skies and warm sunshine. 形容天空
的状态。
西藏高原是蓝天和温暖阳光的土地。
10. She looked out over the rooftops and the open sky . 死记下来。
她越过屋顶和广阔的天空向往看。
SECTION C
Ⅰ.B. Identify the one underlined part that is incorrect in each sentence and
correct it.识别下列句子中不准确的划线部分并更正。
police says ---（say） that they have arrested twenty people following the
disturbance .
警察是集体名词，代表复数，动词要用原形。
ss managers focused on increasing their personal wealth by any available
mean ---（ means）. Means 复数形式表示手段
taste of vitamins is not so nice ,so the flavour sometimes need ---- （needs ）
to be disguised . flavour 是口味表单数，动词加s 表示单数和主语一致。
Wai Wen Bookshop is ----（are）to be found books in various languages .
倒装句，主语是books，所以is 改成are，在 书店，很多各种语言写的书将被找
到。
expert together with some assistants were ---（was）sent to help resolve the
problem .
主语是an expert 是单数，所以were 改成was.
’ve got two hundred books ,one hundred and twenty are in Chinese and the rest
is ---( are ) in English. The rest是指其余的书，复数，所以用are。
Superior is such a large freshwater lake that the waves that breaks ---（that
break） on its shores are like the waves of the sea .
主语是waves 是复数，所以动词要用原形
are things ----（The things） you can do in the European “good
outdoors ”include camping, snow –mobiling, skiing, hunting and horseback riding .
Here are 去掉，因为有两个谓语，直接改成the things
Ⅱ.Preposioions and adverbs
Fill each blank with an appropriate preposition or adverb.
1. He said that they should examine all the costs involved in the project first .
他说他们应当首先检查该过程涉及的所有成本。
2. That is the usual way the telecommunications company deals with complaints.
这是电信公司处理投诉的通常方式。固定词组，处理
3. Despite a thorough investigation, no trace of the escaped prisoner has been
found.
尽管进行了彻底调查，但是没有发现逃犯的任何踪迹。 副词，尽管
4. About 1000 local workers were employed in the tourism industry last year.
去年，大约1000名当地个人受雇于旅游工业。固定词组，雇佣在…行业
5. At the heart of Dr. Piaget’s theories was an orderly schedule of stages, of children’s
perceptions by age. 固定词组 ，在…的中心
Piaget博士的理论核心是孩子们按年龄接受事物，是一个有序的阶段时刻表。
SECTION D
Ⅰ.Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.
The unique contribution of the United States to those who love the great outdoors are
the National Parks and State Parks. They are beautifully organized and give particular
thought to campers. There are also campsites by the sea, which are hidden from the
beach by a lion of sand dunes, or a thick belt of trees. Wherever you go, you can
nearly always find picnic places complete with wooden tables, benches, garbage cans
and restrooms.
美国为野外活动爱好者所做的特殊贡献是建立了众多的国家公园和州立公园，这
些公园布局漂亮，体现了对野营爱好者的特殊关爱。海边也有许多野营营地。这
些营地，或在海滩一连串的沙丘后，或在海滩茂密的林带后面。无论你走到哪里，
几乎总能找到地方野餐，这些地方设备齐全，全都配有木制桌子、凳子、垃圾桶
和洗手间。
Ⅱ.Translate the following paragraph into English.
世界上很少有国家能像美国这样有如此多样诱人的野外旅游资源。美国气候多
样，风景秀丽，公路四通八达，人们可以驱车前往任何值得观光的地方。许多美
国人，无论老幼，都喜欢开野营车外出野营。有些老年退休夫妇将他们很大一部
分的储蓄存款用来购买这种“车上家园”。他们每年花半年时间漫游美国，享受
野外的绚丽风光。
Few countries have such a varied and tempting Outdoors as the USA. It has different
kinds of climate and a spectacular landscape. Freeways and highways lead you to any
places where there are things worth seeing. Many Americans, young and old, prefer
camping in vehicles called “campers”. Some retired couples put a large part of their
saving into such “home on wheels” and spend half of the year roaming the country,
enjoying the great outdoors.
Unit 4 Biology
Prepare Yourself
Do you know ?
antibiotic 抗生素
gene 基因
El Nino 厄尔尼塔
marine 海产的,海运的,舰队,海运业
vitamin 维生素
How do you say it ?
羊羔lamb
山羊goat
猪崽piglet
奶牛cow
牛犊calf
家禽fowl
哺乳动物mammal
家畜 domestic animals
Make up a sentence
Periods of greatest shrinkage coincided with EL Nino events, when food supplies
were diminished.
身体收缩最大值与厄尔尼诺现象的出现相一致。厄尔尼诺发生时，食物供应下降。
Text 1 Animal Life
Discovery the nature discovery yourself.
SECTION B
Ⅱ.
Vocabulary study
B. Complete each of the following sentences by choosing the right word or expression fron
the box and make changes where necessary.
clone donation donor transplant cattle recipient
克隆 捐款 捐赠者 移植 牲口 接受者
mammal initiate reverse at intervals light up
哺乳动物 发起 颠倒 断断续续、时而不时 照亮
1、The cost of feeding fully grown cattle for a period of time can be significant.
一段时间内喂养完全成熟的牲口的成本是很大的。
2、Nonsexual reproduction from a single parent is already possible and every clone
produced in this way is absolutely identical to the parent.
来自单亲父母的无性繁殖已成为可能，每一个用这种方式制造的克隆人和他的父
母完全相同。
3、Former students collected money for scholarship fund. We are very grateful to the
donors for their generous donations.
以前的学生筹钱用于奖学金基金。我们非常感谢这些捐赠者慷慨的捐款。注意加
S，复数。
4、Baby animals of mammals such as mice, cows and monkeys get milk from
their mothers breasts.
哺乳动物的幼仔如老鼠、奶牛和猴子从它们的母亲胸脯汲取奶水。注意加S，复
数。
5、We transplanted the small peach tree from the back of the house to the
front because it did not get enough sunlight there.
我们将小桃树从房子后面移植到前面，因为在那里它得不得足够的阳光。注意过
去时
6、Shall we reverse the order and put Z at the beginning of this dictionary?
我们能够颠倒秩序，并将Z放在这个字典的开头吗？
7、The searchlight lit up the whole area.
探照灯照亮了整个地区。 过去时 不规则动词变形 light—lit.
8、The government initiated a large-scale campaign to eliminate illiteracy.
政府发起了大规模扫盲战役。注意过去时 直接加d
9、The recipients of Nobel Prize are honored at special ceremonies in Sweden and
Norway.
诺贝尔将的接受者在瑞典和挪威荣幸地参加特殊典礼。注意加S，复数。
10、Rain fell at irregular intervals throughout the night.
雨断断续续下了一个晚上。
SECTION C
II Pronun
The use of pronoun is rather confusing for many English more
revision will help you use them the following sentences and then
complete each of them with the best answer.
1. Nobody can help but be fascinated by the world into which he is taken by science
fiction. 没人能够忍住不对科幻小说将他带入的世界着迷。
A. Everybody每个人
C. Somebody 某些人
B. Anybody 任何人
没人
2. He claimed to be an expert in astronomy , but in fact he is quite ignorant on the
subject , what little he knows about it is out of date and inaccurate . 需要what做
引导词 他声称是天文学的专家，但实际上他对该问题一无所知，他所知道
的那么少的一点东西是过时的且不准确。
little 多么少的东西
C. how much 多少
B. so much 那么多
D. so little 那么少
3. The managjng director refused to accept any of the four proposals made by the
contractors. 管理主任拒绝缔结合同方的四种建议中的任何一种。
A. either两者之一 B. neither 两者都不
D. any 任何一个（否定） C. some 一些（肯定）
4. Professor Smith implied ,but did not directly say , that Americans are more
concerned with making money than anything else . 任何其他的事情
史密斯教授暗示但没有直接说美国关注赚钱胜过任何其他的东西。
我们有赢得这场比赛的每一个可能性。就是完全有把握，但不能用all，因为句
子是单数，前面有is.
A. everything else
C. nothing else
B. something else
D. anything else
5. There is every possibility of our winning the game.
A. none 一个都没有 B. all 所有复数
D. each每一个 要加of C. every 每一个单数
6. Three people spoke at the meeting ,one was a lawyer ,another a teacher ,and the
third was a social worker . 三个人在会上发言，一个是律师，另一个是老师，第
三个是个社会工人。（一共三个人）
A. other r 另一个,三者之一
其他的复数 C. the other 另一个，两者之一
7. I have been to the doctor’s about my backache , he says there is nothing
serious ,but I must ile up for a few days . 我已经去医生那里看过我的背痛，他说
没啥严重的，但我必须躺几天。
A. something某事
C. nothing 没什么事
B. anything 任何事情
hing 每件事
8. The New York Times will soon carry colour advertisements; none of this will
matter if newspapers eventually disappear . 纽约时报将很快刊登彩色广告，如果报
纸最终将消失的话，这没有任何关系。
A. no
B. either
r C. none 加of 没有任何
9. We stood up , thinking through the possibilities ,There weren’t many . 前面有
否定词 我们站起来，考虑这件事的可能性，可能性不大。
A. some 一些 B. much 很多不可数 C. few 没几个 许多
10. Melton Brown was the only salon producing its own shampoos and hair-care
products, all based on herbal recipes. 梅尔顿布朗是唯一一家生产自己的洗
发水和护发品的厂家，所有产品都根据草药配方制造。
B. everything C. something
SECTION D
Ⅰ.Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.
Basically, all the nervous elements which underlie the experience of pain by human
beings are to be found in all mammalian vertebrates at least; this is hardly surprising
as pain is a response to a potentially harmful stimulus and is therefore of great
biological importance for survival. Is there any reason, for supposing that animals,
though equipped with all the necessary neurological structures, do not experience pain?
Such a view would seem to presuppose a profound qualitative difference in the mental
life of animals and men.
一般来说，参与人体痛觉经历的神经组织至少在哺乳类动物身上都可以找到，这
并不令人惊讶，因为疼痛是一种对潜在危险刺激的反应，从而具有使动物生存下
去的重要的生物学意义。那么，在动物拥有所有必要的神经结构的情况下，我们
有什么理由认为它们不能感受疼痛呢，那种认为动物不能感受疼痛的看法似乎认
定动物和人在精神生活中存在本质的区别。
Ⅱ.Translate the following paragraph into English.
近年来科学家的发现使我们开始改变对动物的看法。原来动物与人类的相似之处
比我们想象的要多得多。它们也能感受痛苦，体验压力，表达情感、兴奋和爱。
科学家通过对动物的认真观察或检测获得它们的这些情感反应。现在尚不清楚家
畜的这些反应是否会对其肉的品质产生影响。
Animals are more like us than we ever imagined. They feel pain, they experience
stress, they show affection, excitement and love. All these findings have been
made by scientists in recent years and such results are beginning to change
how we view animals. Scientists obtained those reactions of animals
through careful observation and laboratory testing. It is still uncertain if such
reactions could degrade the meat quality of farm animals.
Unit 5 Biography
Prepare Yourself
Do you know ?
humility 谦逊
endeavor n & v 努力尝试
sincerity 真诚 真挚
patriotism 爱国主义
faith 信仰,信念
divine 神圣的,非凡的,崇高的
reconcile 调和,和解
self-observation 自我审视
How do you say it ?
善意goodwill, good intentions
高尚noble
成就achievement, success, accomplishment
抱负ambition, aspiration
原则principle
奉献dedicate
平等equality
忠诚sincerity, loyalty, faithfulness
Make up a sentence
A man must observe the ebb and flow of events and act on what he can discern in the
tides.
一个人必须观察世事盛衰，并在时代潮流中根据自己的观察而有年作为。
Text 1 Lincoln in History
Life is measured by thought and action, not by time.
SECTION B
Ⅱ.
Vocabulary study
A. Complete each of the following sentences by choosing the right word or expression fron
the box and make changes where necessary.
evolve confine corrupt endeavor account mixture
演变 限制 腐败 努力 描述 混合物
depression at risk to the full insight into
萧条 处于危险当中 完全地 洞察
1. Jane was confined to bed due to illness for three months.
简由于生病困在床上三个月。注意过去时 直接加d
2. Many women lost their jobs during the economic depression .
许多妇女在经济萧条时期失去了工作。
3. The corrupting effects of complete power ruined many politicians
完全权力的腐蚀作用毁了许多政治家。现在分词作定语 加ing.
4. Her first reaction to the news was a mixture of grief and comfort.
她听到这个消息的第一反应是悲伤和欣慰混合在一起。
5. The journalist wrote an article in which police corruption was exposed to the
full .
这个记者写了一篇文章，文中警察腐败完全暴露。
6. Shop assistants are asked to make every endeavor to provide the customer
satisfaction.
售货员被要求尽最大的努力使顾客满意。
7. He argued that the British legal system was derived from Roman law and has
evolved into a complicated system .
他辩称英国法律体系从罗马法引申而来，并且已经演变成一个复杂的体系。
8. The disease is spreading quickly in the city and people ,especially children and the
aged ,are at risk .
这种疾病快速在城市蔓延，人们尤其是孩子和老人处于危险当中。
9. The book gives readers a deeper insight into European culture.
这本书使读者深入洞察欧洲文化。
10. The witness gave the police a full account of what had happened in the
courtyard .
证人给警察完整地描述了院子里发生的事情。
the appropriate word for each sentence, using the proper form.
Practice/exercise 实践、实践场所/锻炼、演习
1. An aircraft carrier and nineteen warships left the naval base today for exercises at
sea .
一架航母和十九只战舰今天离开海军基地进行海上演习。
2. He returned to South Carolina in 1966 and established his own legal practice .
1966年，他回到南加利福尼亚并建立起他自己的律师事务所。
Threat/threaten 威胁 名词 / 威胁 动词
3. The kidnappers threatened to kill the hostages unless they received a ransom of
$500,000.
绑架者威胁要杀死人质除非他们受到50万赎金。 注意过去时加ed.
4. In his inaugural address Lincoln repeated that his government posed no threat
to slavery in the states .
在他的就职演讲中，林肯再三说道他的政府对美国的奴隶制没有任何威胁。
War/warfare 战争 / 战争状态 通常表示确切的化学战、大战等
5. If they had negotiated a peace earlier they could have avoided this terrible , bloody
war .
如果他们早先谈判达成和平，他们本来可以避免这场可怕的血腥的战争。
6. He flew nine special missions in that area in 2003 and has experience with
biological warfare . 生物战固定词组
2003年，他执行了九个特殊任务，并掌握了生物战的经验。
Restore/recover 恢复、重建/身体康复
7. The object of the war to restore the Union ; but the cause of the war was
slavery .
战争的目标是恢复联盟，但战争的起因是奴隶制。
8. It took her three months to recover her spirits after that unexpected blow .
在那个意外的打击之后，她花了三个月的时间来使得精神康复。
Reflect/deflect 反映/转移
9. The newspaper aims to reflect the views of the middle class.
这家报纸的目的在于反映中产阶级的观点。
10. Their main purpose was to deflect attention from the opponents’ criticism .
他们主要目的是转移对手批评的注意力
C. Prepositions and Adverbs
Fill each blank with an appropriate preposition or adverb.
1. She never lost faith in Steven who was now under heavy criticism on account of his
failure.
她从来没有对史蒂文丧失信心，他由于失败正承受严厉的批评。固定词组，对…
失去信心
2. At the moment Natasha is on the point of losing her self-control.
当时，娜塔莎正处于失控的状态。固定词组，在…点上
3. After a cabinet meeting in the morning and a drive with Mary in the afternoon ,
Lincoln was in excellent spirits . 固定词组，精神状态良好
早上开完内阁会议，下午又和玛丽驾驶一段行程之后，林肯的精神状态极佳。
4. His wife did not want him to run for the Presidency because she feared for his
safety.
他的妻子不愿让人竞选总统，因为她害怕他的安全。固定词组，为…感到害怕。
5. The white mist was so thick that at five paces from the house one saw nothing
but a shadowy mass . 固定词组，如此…以致
白雾如此浓以至于离房子五步远的地方除了朦胧的一大片什么也看不见。
6. Nature is a friend whom we keep until death, and into whom we shall enter when
we die.
自然是我们终生的朋友，当我们死时，我们将进入自然。
7. Serving in two partnerships, he quickly built up a good practice based on his
reputation .
在两家合资企业服务，他以名声为基础很快建立起良好的实践。固定词组，建立
8. He finally moved out of the fifteenth address the family had lived in since his
birth into room in Furnival’s Inn . 固定词组，居住
最终他搬出了自从他出生以来他的家人一直居住的第十五个住址，住进了
Furnival的旅馆。
9. For a long time, he has been suffering from the discord between his life and his
beliefs .
很长一段时间，他一直遭受着生活和信仰不协调的痛苦。固定词组，遭受…的痛
苦
10. Objections to slavery in the mid-Western states did have a moral ingredient ,but
the driving energy was territorial and did not imply sympathy for blacks .
在中西部国家反对奴隶制的确有道德上的成分，但是驱动力是领土要求并且不包
含对于黑人的同情。固定词组，反对
SECTION C
III. Sentence correction
1. In a war in which every state was providing its sons for the army , every election
deflected ---（reflected） reactions to the ebb and flow of successes in the field .
Deflected 转移 改成reflected reactions反射某种反映
2. he did not blame her at all; by ---（ on ）the contrary; he remembered with love
and gratitude the forty long years of their life together . on the contrary 词组，相反
3. Voters were inclined towards one party or the other according to how they saw their
interests being effected ---（ affected）at any particular moment .
interest being affected ，利益受到影响
4. Nationally, he has raised the discussion of which ---( what) was at stake to a high
moral level and shown himself to be a worthy opponent of the country’s most
formidable orator .
名词性从句，of 加what
5. The only company he had was his fellow-workers and illiterate boys with whom he
had nothing for ---( in) common ,though they were kind to him in their rough way .
In common 词组，共同点
6. He was thus by the age of twenty-three full ---（fully） independent ,conscious
that he could depend on no one but himself ,but with a good appreciation of his own
abilities .
Fully 副词 ，完全地 fully independent 完全独立
7. He relaxed as energetically as he did everything else ,squeezing every ounce of
interest and pleasure on ---（ out of ）the Italian adventure .
词组，Squeezing ….out of 从…中把 挤出来
8. Not content to rest on his laurels ,Orlando has accepted what may be his most
ambition ----（ambitious） role to date in the movie The Trojan War .
ambition 名称，野心 ambitious形容词，野心勃勃的，后接名称
9. Professor Smith supervised her senior thesis in nuclear physics and provided her for
----（with ）a wonderful research experience and with his friendship.
词组，Provide her with 给她提供…
10. It was made clear to the first generation of Canadian-born children who
---(that )the path to opportunity was through education.
定语从句，先行词有first 序数词，所以引导词要用that.
SECTION D
Ⅰ. Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.
Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so
conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We have met on a great battle-field of
that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place for
those who here gave their lives so that the nation might live. It is altogether fitting and
proper that we should do this. But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate ---we can not
consecrate ---we can not hallow ----this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who
struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract. The
world will little note, nor long remember what we say.
目前我们正在进行一场伟大的国内战争，我们的国家或任何一个有着同样理想与
目标的国家能否长久存在，这场战争就是一次考验。我们在这场战争的一个伟大
的战场上相聚。我们来到这里，将这战场的一小块土地奉献给那些为国家生存而
英勇捐躯的人们，作为他们最后的安息之地。我们这样做是完全恰当的，完全应
该的。 然而，从更深一层的意义上来说，我们没有能力奉献这块土地，没有能
力使这块土地变得神圣。因为曾在这里进行过斗争的那些活着和已经死去的勇士
们，已经使这块土地变得如此圣洁，我们微薄的力量已不能再对它有所改变，我
们今天在这时说的话，世人不会注意，也不会长久记住，但这些英雄的业绩，人
们将永记不忘。
Ⅱ. Translate the following paragraph into English.
他的工作日从早饭之前就在办公室开始了，然后读报纸，签署文件，会见部长。
用过简单的午饭后他可能骑马出去，或驾马车与夫人一起出去，也许去一个士兵
医院，或一个军营。晚饭后他可能会回到办公室再工作三个小时，或者披上一条
灰色的长围巾，不带卫兵独自出去散步，到作战部（War Department）去看看有
什么电报，回到家时通常是午夜了。
His working day started in his office before breakfast and was
followed by reading papers, signing documents and seeing ministers, After a
light lunch, he might ride, or drive with his wife, perhaps visiting a soldiers’ hospital
or a camp. After supper he might return for another three hours in his office or walk
along without a guard with a long grey shawl round his shoulders, to see what
telegrams were coming in to the War Department, returning home around midnight.
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