2024年4月2日发(作者：)
一．动词后接不定式和动名词的区别
1. Stop to do 停止，中断做某事后去做另一件事
Stop doing 停止正在做的某事
They stopped to smoke a cigarette.
I must stop smoking.
2. Forget to do 忘记要去做
Forget doing 忘记做过某事
The light in the office is still on. He forgot to turn it off.
He forgot turning the light off.
3. remember to do 记着去做某事
Remember doing 记着做过某事
Remember to go to the post office after school.
Don’t you remember seeing the man before?
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4. try to do 设法或努力去做某事
Try doing 尝试着做某事
You must try to be more careful.
I tried gardening but didn’t succeed.
5. regret to do 对要做的事情遗憾
Regret doing 对做过的事情遗憾，后悔
I regret to have to do this, but I have no choice.
I don’t regret telling her what I thought.
6. mean to do 打算，想
Mean doing 意味着
I mean to go, but my father would not allow me to.
Doing that means wasting time.
7. go on to do 放下手中的活，继续去做别的活
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Go on doing 继续做原来做的活
We had supper and went on to watch TV.
He didn’t have a rest and went on working.
8. be afraid to do 不敢，胆怯去做某事，主观原因不去做意为“怕”
Be afraid doing 担心出现doing 所指的状况，结果，doing 是客观造成的结果，
意为“生怕”“恐怕”
She was afraid to wake her husband up.
She was afraid of waking her husband.
二．动词不定式做宾补和分词做宾补的区别
Look at, see, watch, hear, find, feel 等感官动词后接不定式做宾补时，表示动作的
全过程已结束，后接分词做宾补时，表示动作的一部分正在进行。
I saw him cross the road.
I saw him crossing the road
I heard someone enter the room.
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I heard someone singing.
I felt something hit me on the back.
Can you feel the train slowing down?
三．Need, require, want 后跟不定式和动名词的区别
当need, require, want 做“需要”理解时，后加动名词主动式等于不定式的被动式。
The window needs cleaning.====The window needs to be cleaned.
四．现在分词与过去分词的区别
1. 在语态上，现在分词表示主动意义，过去分词表示被动意义。
the surprising news
a surprised man
a moving film
the moved people
2. 在时间上，现在分词表示正在进行的动作，过去分词表示已经完成的动作。
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the developing country
the developed country
the rising sun
the risen sun
五．注意含有介词to 的固定短语
1. Make (a) contribution (s) to 为-----做贡献
Everyone should make a contribution to society.
2. devote to 献身，致力于-----
He has devoted his life to helping disabled people.
3. look forward to 期待，盼望
we are so much looking forward to seeing you again.
4. prefer----- to----- 两者间更喜欢-------
I prefer walking to cycling.
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5. be used to 习惯----，适应-----
She is quite used to working hard.
六． 易混句式
1. have sb do sth 让某人做某事，have 可以用 let,make 代替
The soldiers had the boy stand with his back to his father.
2. have sb doing sth 让某人一直做某事，have 可以用 keep 代替，动作具有持续
进行的含义
The two men had their lights burning all night long.
3. have sth done 让某事被别人做，即 ask sb else to do sth.过去分词done 这
个动作由他人（非主语本身）来完成，含有被动意义且强调动作已经完成
The driver had his car washed once a week.
My hair is too long. I will have it cut tomorrow.
Exercises
用所给动词的适当形式填
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1. I hope _________(find) a good job in a foreign company after I graduate from
school.
2. He found it hard ______________ ( catch up with) his classmates.
3. Father asks me _____________ (not play) games before finishing my
homework.
4. All the children like Mr White very much because he often makes them
___________ (laugh).
5. Let him __________ (have) a rest. I think he must be tired after the long walk.
6. We have two rooms _________ (live) in, but I can’t decide which one
___________ (choose).
7. Bob speaks Chinese quite well. Yes, go he does. He practices ____(speak)
Chinese every day.
8. Before 2018 we will finish _______________ (build) the school.
9. She says he doesn’t feel like _____________ (go) out with you.
10. The boy _____________ (stand) in the teacher’s office was found smoking
yesterday.
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真题练习
1. My roommate often asks me _____________ her to play chess.
A. teach B. teaching C. to teach
2. Please don’t forget __________ the room while I am away in Beijing.
A. clean B. to clean C. cleaned ng
3. Wow! There are so many books. I really can’t decide __________.
A. where to buy B. which to buy C. what to buy D. how to buy
4. I can’t decide ___________. You mean the purple sweater or the blue one?
A. how to go there B. who to go with C. where to visit D. which to
choose
5. The doctor did what he could __________ the dying man.
A. save B. to save C. saved D. saving
6. The global financial crisis has made many people ___________ their money.
A. to care for B. took care of C. be careful with D. to be cared
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about
7. My father always asks me ___________ too much junk food.
A. don’t eat B. not to eat C. not eat
8. Mum knows ____________ make a banana milk shake.
A. how B. what to C. how to
9. When we practice speaking English, we often end up ____________ in
Chinese.
A. to speak B. speaking C. spoken D. speak
10. Have you made up you mind _____________ the sick kids? By singing songs.
A. what to tell B. how to cheer up C. when to help D. where to
look after
11. The teacher asked Ben ___________ a difficult question in class.
A. answer B. answering C. to answer D. answered
12. You’d better ___________ too much time playing computer games.
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A. don’t spend B. not to spend C. to not spend D. not
spend
13. More and more young people are trying to do something __________ the
old.
A. served B. to serve C. serve D. serves
14. How about ______________ in the river with us?
Sorry, I can’t. My parents often tell me _____________ that.
A. swim, don’t do , to do C. swimming, not do
ng, not to do
15. I’m very tired these days because of studying for physics.
Why not ____________music? It can make you ______________.
A. listen to, to relax B. listen to , relax C. listening to, relax D. listening
to, to relax
16. She won’t let her daughter ____________ by the river.
A. play B. plays C. to play D. playing
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17.__________ more about tomorrow’s weather, call 121.
Ok, I will. Thank you.
A. Know B. Knowing C. To know D. Known
18. What a heavy rain!
So it is. I prefer ________ at home __________ on such a rainy day.
TV, to go out B. watch TV, go out C. watching TV, to going out
watch TV, going out
19. Tell him __________ tomorrow,OK?
A. come B. to come C. comes D. is coming
20. It seems that it is going to rain. You’d better____the windows open when
you leave the house.
A. not leave B. leave C. not to leave D. to leave
21. I enjoy _________ my bike in the mountains. It’s not always easy, but
exciting.
A. ride B. rode C. to ride D. riding
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22. What are you going to do this weekend?
I’d like _________ my parents.
A. to visit B. visit C. visiting
23. She asked me __________ the teacher her secret.
A. not to tell B. don’t tell C. not tell
24. Our headmaster asked us ____________ a report on how to protect wild
animals.
A. write B. writing C. to write D. wrote
25. Would you please tell me _____________ next?
Thank it over. You’ll find a good way.
A. when to do B. how to do C. what to do D. where to do
26. All the hats look beautiful. I don’t know___________.
A. how to choose B. where to choose C. which one to choose
27. Parents always tell me _________ computer games too much.
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A. not play B. to play C. not to play
28. What’s you plan for the summer holidays?
I’ve no idea, but I’ve decided ___________ at home and have a good rest first.
A. stay B. to stay C. stayed D. staying
29. Mary was looking forward to ____________ to Kate’s birthday party.
A. inviting B. being invited C. invite D. be invited
30. Is there anythig you want me to get on the bus?
Sure. _____________ take the suitcase.
A. Do you mind B. How about C. Had you better to D. Why don’t
you
31. It’s a long time since I saw my brother.
Why ______ him this weekend?
A. not to visit B. don’t visit C. not visit D. not visiting
32. Paul, could you please __________ the TV? It’s too noisy.
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Sorry, I’ll do it right now.
A. turn up B. turning up C. turn down D. turning
down.
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