2024年6月3日发(作者：)
物流英语课前预习
第一单元 物流概论
Unit 1 General Introduction to logistics
1．Modern logistics is one the most challenging and exciting jobs in the world.
现代物流是世界上最富有挑战性、最激动人心的工作之一。
2．Every company that sells products will need the service of logistics
每个出售商品的公司都需要物流服务。
3．Logistics is part of a supply chain
物流是供应链的一部分。
4．A bonded warehouse is a warehouse in which goods are stored without excise or
customs duties being paid until and unless they are removed from the warehouse to enter
the country.
保税仓库是指存放未缴消费税或在移出仓库前未缴海关税商品的仓库。
5．Transport is done by railroads, trucks, ships, planes and pipes.
运输渠道包括铁路、火车、船只、飞机和管道。
6．Our work is mainly to move goods and transmit/receive information at the lowest
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物流英语课前预习
possible cost.
我们的工作主要是以尽可能低的成本移送货物并传输/接收信息。
7．Information is a key to the process of logistics.
信息是物流过程的关键。
8．Warehousing is not a new term, but it has gained new functions in modern logistics.
仓储不是一个新名词，但它在现代物流中却获得了新的功能。
9．Inventory control can effectively reduce logistics cost.
库存控制能有效地降低物流成本。
10．Packaging and sorting are two factors that are included in logistics.
包装和分拣是物流的两个要素
第二单元 一个重要因素
Unit 2 An Important Factor
1．One of the key activities is customer service, which cooperating with marketing, sets
customer service levels.
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物流英语课前预习
物流的一个重要活动是客户服务，它与市场相结合，并决定客户服务水平。
2．The basic task of customer service is to determine customers’ needs and wants for
logistics customer’s service.
客户服务的基本任务就是确定客户对物流客户服务的需求。
3．One of the basic tasks of a logistics analyst is to determine customer response to
service.
物流分析师的基本任务之一就是测定客户对服务的回应。
4．Customer service is a process of providing significant value-added benefits to the
supply chain in a cost-effective way.
客户服务是一种过程，它能以经济的方式给供应链提供重要的附加价值利益。
5．Availability is the capacity to have inventory when it is desired by a customer.
可用性是指客户需要购买产品时的库存容量。
6．Inventory can be classified by two groups: base stock determined by forecasted
requirements and held to support basic availability volumes and to accommodate
unexpected operational variances.
库存可分为两类：基本库存和安全库存。前者是由预先需求决定，负责提供基本需求量；后者用
于应付那些超过预算量货单或供应突发订货。
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7．Consistency refers to a firm’s ability to perform at the expected delivery time over a
large number of performance cycles.
一致性是指公司在预定发货时间内完成超绩效任务的能力。
8．Operational flexibility refers to a firm’s ability to handle extraordinary customer
service requests.
操作弹性是指公司处理特殊客户服务需求的能力。
第三单元 运输
Unit 3 Transportation
1．Transport may accounts for one-third to two thirds of total logistics cost.
运输成本占物流总成本的1/3至2/3。
2．There are five modes of transport.
运输有五大模式。
3．Freight rates are based on three factors, namely, distance, shipment and competition.
货运费率由三个因素决定：运输距离，货物以及市场竞争。
4．Carrier performance is based on the extent of shipment handling at terminals and
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物流英语课前预习
inherent speed of carrier.
船的绩效取决于码头上的装卸能力以及船本身的速度。
5．Containerization is popular in international movement.
集装箱化在国际运输中甚受欢迎。
6．International trade is heavily dependent on middlemen, agents, freight forwarders and
brokers.
国际贸易很大程度上依赖于中间商、代理商、货运代理人和经纪人。
第四单元 物流战略
Unit 4Logistic strategy
1．What do you thinks is the most important in the value-added process?
你认为增值过程中最重要的是什么？
2． What will happen if the inventory overstocks?
库存过量会发生什么？
3．What are the advantages of holding inventories?
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库存保管有什么优点？
4．If you were a boss, what methods would you adopt to reduce costs in holding
inventories? (Note, when answering this question, you may consider the following aspects:
purchasing transportation, operation, and production.)
如果你是老板，在库存保管时你会采取什么方法来降低成本？（提示：回答这一问题可以从以下
因素考虑：采购，运输，操作，生产。）
第五单元 包装
Unit 5 Packaging
(1) 对话理解
A： What can I do for you, lady? 有什么可以效劳的吗，女士？
B： Hello. Do you have any walkman available? 您好，这里有随身听卖吗？
A： Yes. What brand are you interested in? 有，您要什么牌子的？
B： I’d like to buy an”Aiwa” brand. 我想买个“爱华牌”的。
A： Sorry, it is sold out, but we have “Sony”. It’s also very nice. And it’s a little
cheaper. Shall I show you one? 抱歉，那个牌子的卖完了，但我们还有“索尼”的，也很不错，
价格还便宜些。我给您拿一款看看？
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物流英语课前预习
B： Yes, please. 好的，谢谢。
A： Here it is .just put on earphone and listens. 给您，可以戴上耳机试听一下。
B： It’s beautiful. The sound quality is super. 不错，声音的质量非常好。
A： You are right. 是的
B： How much is it? 多少钱？
A： That’s three hundred and six-eight Yuan. 386元。
B： That’s a good price. I’II takes it. 价格不错，我要了。
（2）朗读对话
A：The next thing I’d like to bring up for discussion is packing. 接下来我想谈一下包装的
问题。
B：We’d like to hear what you say concerning the matter of packing 我们愿意听听您对
此的看法。
A： You know the crux of packing lies in protecting the goods from moisture so shirts
are to be packed in plastics-lined water-proof cartons. 包装的关键在于防潮，所以这批衬衫要
使用防水的塑料封口的盒子来包装。
B：We use a polythene wrapper for each shirt. 每件衬衣我们都用采用聚乙烯材料的包装。
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物流英语课前预习
A：It’s fine. And we want the label to be fixed on the poly-there wrapper. 好的，我们
希望在包装上有产品的标签。
B：Yes, we’ II do that. Is there anything else about packing? 没问题，关于包装还有其他
问题吗？
A：Could you use cardboard boxes? 请问可以使用纸板箱吗？
B：Yes, the shirts are packed in cardboard boxes of forties each. 当然，每个纸板箱装40
件衬衫。
A：Good, Thank you very much. 很好，非常感谢。
第六单元 采购
Unit 6 Purchasing
A：Shall we have a talk about terms of payment today? 我们今天可以讨论一下付款的方式
吗？
B：What is the mode of payment you suggest? 你建议采用什么东西的方式？
A：What about D/A for this transaction? 使用承兑交单如何？
B：Sorry, it can’t be done. 对不起，不可以。
A：Is D/P acceptable to you? 那付款交单能接受吗？
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B：We require payment by L/C. 我们要求以信用证的方式付款。
A：We’ II pay too much for such a letter of credit arrangement. 这种付款方式让我们花
销太大了。
B： We always require L/C for our exports. 我们出口一向要求以信用证付款。
A：Is the credit at sight or after sight? 即期信用证还是远期信用证？
B：We’d like to use letter of credit at sight. 我们希望是即期信用证。
A：Well, I agree, since it is your habitual practice. By the way, when do I have to open the
letter of credit?
好，既然这是你们的惯例，我同意。那么，我需要什么时候开信用证？
B：The L/C should reach us 15 days before the month of shipment. 我们应该在装船出货
月前的15天收到信用证。
A：Well, everything is clear, I’II ask our legal department to draw up the contract for 400
bales of silk. 好，一切都谈妥了，我会让我们公司的法律部门起草出定购400包丝绸的合同。
B：Fine, let’s sign it tomorrow
那好，我们明天就签。
第七单元 信息
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物流英语课前预习
Unit 7 Information
Red the following passage carefully and then answer the questions that follow it.
仔细阅读下文并回答问题。
Supply chain information systems initiate activities and track information regarding
process, facilitate information sharing both within the firm and between supply chain
partners, and assist in management decision-making. These systems work hand in hand,
forming a communication net-work, transaction systems and decision support systems,
every one of these systems analyzes, initiates monitors each movement in the supply chain
operation.
供应链信息系统根据进程追踪信息，方便了公司内部以及供应链伙伴之间的信息交流，并能为决
策的制定提供帮助，系统联合作用，以构成交流网络、处理系统以及决策支持系统。系统中的成员都
可以在供应链动行中对每一项进行分析、运作和监管。
Questions 问题
1．What do supply information systems enable people in a firm to share?
供应链信息系统使公司内部人员都能够分享到什么？
2．What do people need in making a decision?
人们做决策时需要什么？
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物流英语课前预习
3．Which are the three main information systems in supply chain?
供应链中三大信息系统是什么？
4．Which of movement in the supply chain?
你认为三个信息系统中哪一个在供应链中起发动作用？
第八单元 供应链
Unit 8 Supply Chain
Answer the following questions. 回答下列问题。
1．What’s the supply chain? 供应链是什么？
2．Who is Henry Ford? 享利·福特是谁？
3．What role does supply chain plan in logistics? 供应链在物流中扮演什么角色？
4．What’s chain management? 供应链管理是什么？
5．Give a brief introduction about the development of Ford Motor Company. 简要介绍
一下福特汽车公司的发展。
第九单元 海上运输
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Unit 9 Maritime Transportation
A．Try to translate the main idea of this text into English.
试着把文章的段落翻译成英文。
Paragraph 1
Maritime shipping is an important link in international logistics services.
海上运输是国际物流服务的一个重要环节。
Paragraph 2
When you need to send cargo to a buyer overseas according to a sales contract, you
must book apace on a ship either by yourself or via a freight forwarder.
当你需要根据销售合同向海外的买方发货时，你必须自己或是通过货运代理来向船方订舱。
Paragraph 3
Then, when the shipping company accepts your space-booking, you will receive a
Container Load Plan in due course.
然后，如果船公司接受了订舱，到时候你就会收到装箱单。
Paragraph 4
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物流英语课前预习
At the same time, the shipping company will make out a stowage plan for the ship.
与此同时，船公司将做出整艘船的积载图。
Paragraph 5
When your cargo is stuffed into a container, it is hauled to the container yard to be
loaded on the board the ship according to the stowage plan, when it is done, the First Mate
would sign a Mate’s Receipt.
货物装箱后，集装箱就被运往堆场，按照积载图来进行装船。装好之后，大副就要在大副收据上
签字。
Paragraph 6
You can now take the Bill of Landing together with all the documents required to the
negotiating bank to exchange for money from the buyer.
现在你就可以拿着提单连同信用证要求的所有单证去议付行换取买方的货款。
B．Comprehension: try to answer the following questions.
阅读理解：试着回答下列问题。
1．What kind of ships ships can be chartered on voyage basis?
那种船可以采用程租方式租船？
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2．For what purpose does one charter a ship on the voyage basis?
海上运输中一方采用程租船的目的是什么？
3．How many ways are there for a shipper to book space?
托运人有几种订舱方式？
4．How many copies are there for a Booking Note?
订舱单有几联？
5．What must be prepared by the shipping company before actually loading a liner?
在实际装船以前船公司必须准备些什么？
6．When does the First Mate sign a Mate’s Receipt?
大副什么时候在大副收据上签字？
7．Why is the Mate’s Receipt Important to a shipper?
为什么大副收据对托运人来说很重要？
第十单元 第三方物流
Unit 10 Third-Party Logistics
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物流英语课前预习
A. Try to translate the main idea of the text into English.
试着翻译文章的段落大意
Part Ⅰ Paragraph 1
Supply chain management is the process that integrates coordinates and controls the
movements of materials, finished inventory and related information from suppliers through
companies to meet consumer requirements.
供应链管理是一个整合、协调和控制原料运输、制成品存货和来自供应商的相关信息以满足消费
者需求的过程
Part Ⅱ Paragraph 2
The objectives of supply chain management are to reduce overall costs, minimize lead
time, minimize inventory levels and costs, improve service level and streamline goods and
information flows.
供应链管理的目标是降低总成本，使前置期达到最短，使存货水平和存货成本最小化，提高服务
水平并使货物和信息的流通畅通。
Part Ⅲ Paragraph 3~5
The TPL conducts chain management by adopting sophisticated technology, providing
value adding service, tailoring their service according to the specific needs and providing
local service.
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第三方物流通过采取各项尖端的技术，提供增值服务，根据具体要求提供服务以及本地服务来作
用于供应链管理。
Part Ⅳ Paragraph 6
Supply chain management has great potentiality for further development but also has a
long way to go before reaping a greater success.
供应链管理具有进一步发展的巨大潜力，但也还要走很长的路才能收获更大的成功。
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