2024年6月8日发(作者：)

解剖学英文单词

anatomy 解剖学

locomotor system 运动系统

osteology 骨学

bone 骨

cartilage 软骨

bone marrow 骨髓

vertebra 椎骨

cervical vertebrae 颈椎

thoracic vertebrae 胸椎

lumbar vertebrae 腰椎

sacrum 骶骨

coccyx 尾骨

rib 肋

costal bone 肋骨

sternum 胸骨

sternal angle 胸骨角

cranium, skull 颅

orbit 眶

paranasal sinus 鼻旁窦

frontal sinus 额窦

maxillary sinus 上颌窦

sphenoidal sinus 蝶窦

ethmoidal sinus 筛窦

pterion 翼点

cranial fontanelles 颅囟

clavicle 锁骨

humerus 肱骨

scapula 肩胛骨

radius 桡骨

ulna 尺骨

carpal bones 腕骨

metacarpal bones 掌骨

phalanges 指骨/趾骨

hip bone 髋骨

ilium 髂骨

ischium 坐骨

pubis 耻骨

acetabulum 髋臼

femur 股骨

patella 髌骨

tibia 胫骨

fibula 腓骨

tarsal bones 跗骨

metatarsal bones 跖骨

arthrology 关节学

fibrous joint 纤维连结

cartilaginous joint 软骨连结

synosteosis 骨性结合

joint, articulation 关节

vertebral column 脊柱

intervertebral disc 椎间盘

thoracic cage 胸廓

temporomandibular joint

颞下颌关节

shoulder joint 肩关节

elbow joint 肘关节

radiocarpal joint/wrist joint

桡腕关节

pubic symphysis 耻骨联合

pelvis 骨盆

terminal line 界线

sarotuberous ligament

骶结节韧带

sarospinous ligament骶棘韧带

greater sciatic foramen

坐骨大孔

hip joint 髋关节

knee joint 膝关节

ankle joint 踝关节

transverse tarsal joint

跗横关节

meniscus 半月板

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mycology 肌学

muscle 肌肉

tendon 肌腱

aponeurosis 腱膜

fascia 筋膜

trapezius m. 斜方肌

latissimus dorsi m. 背阔肌

erector spinae m. 竖脊肌

sternocleidomastoid m.

胸锁乳突肌

pectoralis major m. 胸大肌

serratus anterior m. 前锯肌

intercostal m. 肋间肌

diaphragm 膈

obliquus externus abdominis m.

腹外斜肌

inguinal ligament 腹股沟韧带

sheath of rectus abdominis

腹直肌鞘

linea alba 腹白线

inguinal canal 腹股沟管

inguinal triangle 腹股沟三角

deltoid m. 三角肌

biceps brachii m. 肱二头肌

triceps brachii m. 肱三头肌

gluteus maximus m. 臀大肌

sartorius m. 缝匠肌

quadriceps femoris m.股四头肌

adductor magnus m. 大收肌

triceps surae m. 小腿三头肌

splanchnology 内脏学

alimentary system 消化系统

digestive tube/digestive tract

消化管

oral cavity 口腔

palate 腭

tongue 舌

cheek 颊

tooth 牙

tonsil 扁桃体

salivary glands 唾液腺

sublingual gland 舌下腺

parotid gland 腮腺

submandibular gland 下颌下腺

pharynx 咽

esophagus 食管

stomach, gaster 胃

cardia 贲门

pylorus 幽门

small intestine 小肠

duodenum 十二指肠

jejunum 空肠

ileum 回肠

caecum 盲肠

vermiform appendix 阑尾

colon 结肠

sigmoid colon 乙状结肠

rectum 直肠

anal canal 肛管

anus 肛门

liver, hepar 肝

porta hepatis 肝门

gall bladder 胆囊

pancreas 胰

respiratory system 呼吸系统

nose 鼻

nasal cavity 鼻腔

larynx 喉

trachea 气管

bronchus 支气管

lung 肺

pleura 胸膜

pleural cavity 胸膜腔

pleural recesses 胸膜隐窝

costodiaphragmatic recess

肋膈隐窝

mediastinum 纵隔

urinary system 泌尿系统

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kidney 肾

renal hilum 肾门

renal pedicle 肾蒂

ureter 输尿管

urinary bladder 膀胱

urethra 尿道

reproductive system生殖系统

testis 睾丸

epididymis 附睾

ductus deferens 输精管

ejaculatory duct 射精管

spermatic cord 精索

prostate/prostate gland前列腺

seminal vesicle 精囊

bulbourethral gland 尿道球腺

scrotum 阴囊

penis 阴茎

ovary 卵巢

uterine tube 输卵管

uterus 子宫

vagina 阴道

mamma, breast 乳房

perineum 会阴

pelvic diaphragm 盆膈

urogenital diaphragm尿生殖膈

peritoneum 腹膜

greater omentum 大网膜

omental burse 网膜囊

mesentery 肠系膜

subphrenic space 膈下间隙

rectovesical ponch

直肠膀胱陷凹

rectouterine pouch

直肠子宫陷凹

angiology 脉管学

cardiovascular system

心血管系统

lymphatic syatem 淋巴系统

heart 心

cardiac atrium 心房

cardiac ventricle 心室

tricuspid valve 三尖瓣

mitral valve 二尖瓣

conus arteriosus 动脉圆锥

pulmonary orifice 肺动脉口

aortic sinus 主动脉窦

interatrial septum 房间隔

interventricular septum 室间隔

sinuatrial node 窦房结

atrioventricular node 房室结

atrioventricular bundle房室束

coronary artery 冠状动脉

pericardium 心包

pulmonary trunk 肺动脉干

arterial ligament 动脉韧带

common carotid a.

颈总动脉

carotid glomus 颈动脉小球

internal carotid a. 颈内动脉

facial a. 面动脉

superficial temporal a.

颞浅动脉

subclavian a. 锁骨下动脉

axillary a. 腋动脉

brachial a. 肱动脉

ulnar a. 尺动脉

radial a. 桡动脉

superficial palmar arch 掌浅弓

thoracic aorta 胸主动脉

abdominal aorta 腹主动脉

coeliac trunk 腹腔干

left gastric a. 胃左动脉

common hepatic a. 肝总动脉

splenic a. 脾动脉

right gastroepiploic a.

胃网膜右动脉

superior mesenteric a.

肠系膜上动脉

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common iliac a. 髂总动脉

external iliac a. 髂外动脉

femoral a. 股动脉

popliteal a. 腘动脉

posterior tibial a. 胫后动脉

peroneal a. 腓动脉

dorsal artery of foot 足背动脉

uterine a. 子宫动脉

superior vena cava 上腔静脉

brachiocephalic vein头臂静脉

internal jugular v. 颈内静脉

cephalic v. 头静脉

basilic v. 贵要静脉

median cubital v. 肘正中静脉

azygos v. 奇静脉

great saphenous v. 大隐静脉

portal v. 门静脉

paraumbilical v. 附脐静脉

thoracic duct 胸导管

superficial inguinal lymph nodes

腹股沟浅淋巴结

spleen 脾

thymus 胸腺

sensory organs 感觉器

visual organs 视器

eye 眼

cornea 角膜

sclera 巩膜

iris 虹膜

pupil 瞳孔

ciliary body 睫状体

choroid 脉络膜

retina 视网膜

optic disc 视神经盘

macula lutea 黄斑

aqueous humor 房水

lens 晶状体

vitreous body 玻璃体

conjunctiva 结膜

lacrimal apparatus 泪器

ophthalmic a. 眼动脉

ear 耳

tympanic membrane 鼓膜

tympanic cavity 鼓室

auditory tube 咽鼓管

vestibule 前庭

cochlea 耳蜗

semicircular canal 半规管

peripheral nervous system

周围神经系统

spinal nerve 脊神经

spinal ganglia 脊神经节

cervical plexus 颈丛

phrenic n. 膈神经

brachial plexus 臂丛

median n. 正中神经

musculocutaneous n. 肌皮神经

intercostal n. 肋间神经

lumbar plexus 腰丛

obturator n. 闭孔神经

sacral plexus 骶丛

sciatic n. 坐骨神经

tibial n. 胫神经

common peroneal n. 腓总神经

cranial n. 脑神经

olfactory n. 嗅神经

optic n. 视神经

oculomotor n. 动眼神经

trochlear n. 滑车神经

trigeminal n. 三叉神经

ophthalmic n. 眼神经

maxillary n. 上颌神经

mandibular n. 下颌神经

abducent n. 展神经

facial n. 面神经

vestibulocochlear n.

前庭蜗神经

glossopharyngeal n. 舌咽神经

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vagus n. 迷走神经

accessory n. 副神经

hypoglossal n. 舌下神经

chorda tympani 鼓索

autonomic nervous system

自主神经系统

sympathetic nerve 交感神经

parasympathetic nerve

副交感神经

central nervous system

中枢神经系统

spinal cord 脊髓

gray matter 灰质

cortex 皮质

nucleus 神经核

white matter 白质

medulla 髓质

fasciculus 纤维束

ganglion 神经节

reticular formation 网状结构

spinal cord 脊髓

anterior horn 前角

posterior funiculus 后索

anterior white commissure

白质前连合

fasciculus gracilis 薄束

fasciculus cuneatus 楔束

spinothalamic tract脊髓丘脑束

corticospinal tract 皮质脊髓束

corticonuclear tract 皮质核束

brain, encephalon 脑

brain stem 脑干

medulla oblongata 延髓

pyramid 锥体

pyramidal decussation

锥体交叉

pons 脑桥

midbrain, mesencephalon中脑

red nucleus 红核

substantia nigra 黑质

cerebellum 小脑

diencephalon 间脑

thalamus 丘脑

hypothalamus 下丘脑

optic chiasma 视交叉

medial geniculate body

内侧膝状体

telencephalon 端脑

lateral ventricle 侧脑室

choroid plexus 脉络丛

internal capsule 内囊

corpus callosum 胼胝体

corpus striatum 纹状体

cerebral cortex 大脑皮质

hippocampal formation

海马结构

limbic system 边缘系统

extrapyramidal system

锥体外系

cerebral dura mater 硬脑膜

cavernous sinus 海绵窦

epidural space 硬膜外隙

subarachnoid space

蛛网膜下隙

spinal pia mater 软脊膜

cerebrospinal fluid 脑脊液

endocrine glands 内分泌腺

thyroid gland 甲状腺

parathyroid gland 甲状旁腺

suprarenal gland 肾上腺

hypophysis 垂体

pineal corpus 松果体

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