2024年1月15日发(作者：)

中学生英语写作中的常见错误

一、词汇错误

1.同义词使用错误

中国的物价低廉。（误）The prices are

cheap in China.（正）The prices are low in China.

cheap虽然能表示“便宜的”（反义词为expensive,dear），但它所修饰的名词应是具体的物品或服务。如：Fruits are cheap in autumn.要表示价格和费用的低廉，需用low这个词。它的反义词是high。

2.词义内涵理解错误

我身体很好，因此从不感冒。（误）I have

a good body so I never catch cold.（正）I am in

good health So I never catch cold.

body指的是人的“身躯”“身体”(whole

physical structure of a human being)，而这句汉语中的“身体”指的是“健康状况”(condition of

a person;s body)，所以只有用be in good health才能确切表达“身体好”。

3.搭配使用错误

我们的老师教了我们很多有用的知识。（误）Our teachers taught us a lot of useful

knowledge.（正）Our teachers

imparted/communicated a lot of useful

knowledge to us.

teach表示“教”时，是指传授某种知识或技艺的过程（to cause to know a subiect或to

cause to know how）。如： teaches us

is teaching his son how to swim.而impart或communicate的意思是“使某事物被人知晓”(to make something known to

somebody)。所以teach knowledge不符合英语表达习惯。

4.词性使用错误

多数学生反对这项提议。（误）Most

students against the proposal.（正）Most students

were against the proposal.

汉语中“反对”可作动词用，而against在英语中只是个介词，不能单独作谓语，需要和动词结合使用。

二、语法错误

1.介词使用错误

(1)昨天我们坐他的车去了上海。（误）We went to Shanghai by his car yesterday.（正）We went to Shahghai in his car yesterday.

介词by用来表示交通、传递等的方式时，后面必须接没有冠词或所有格修饰的名词。如：to go by plane, to send post等。所以要强调“乘他的车”的时候，就要用介词in。

(2)非常感谢你来机场接我。（误）It was

awfully good for you to come and meet me at

the airport.（正）It was awfully good of you to

come and meet me at the airport.

在It+be+adj.+for+ do sth.句型中，介词for前面的形容词通常是对不定式所指的事给予评论。如：It isn't right for you to gossip

about your boss.（你说你老板的闲话是不对的）。但在It+be+adj.+of+sb.+to do sth.句型中，介词of前面的形容词通常是表示某人的特质或性格等主观的东西。

2.形容词前、后置错误

出席的代表都同意他的提议。（误）The

present representatives agreed to his motion.（正）The representatives present agreed to his

motion.

在英语中有些形容词可置于名词中心词的前或后，其意义不变，但有的就不同。present置于名词前时，意为“目前的”“现在的”。如：You can't use it in its present condition.只有当它置于名词后时，才解释为“出席的”“在座的”。

3.时态使用错误

收到你的信我很高兴。（误）I am very glad

to receive your letter.（正）I was very glad to

receive your letter.

虽然有些情况发生的时间不很清楚，但实际上是过去某时发生的，应当用过去时态。汉语动词无时态变化，但英语中动词的时态变化却很重要。

4.动词非谓语形式使用错误

天气很热，我们决定去游泳。（误）Being

a hot day, we decided to go for a swim.（正）It

being a hot day, we decided to go fora swim.

作伏语的分词短语逻辑上的主语要与主句的主语一致，当它们不一致时，分词短语应有自己独立的逻辑主语，这种结构称为独立结构，多用来表示时间、原因、条件或伴随情况。如：Later that autumn, his work

finished, he prepared to return to his institute.

force remain alternainvestigsecure

enforce obtain tive ate accuratreinforentertaiconcretinvest e

ce n e manner depend

report rural consequmere distingscope urban ent nerve uish

spirit similar explode politicaplain

decline to explore l complaiclimate trial exploit policy n

lend to trail hesitatreliable explain

accuse witness e resemble financiafford absolute imagine assemble al

anxiety accumulainfluenshape hurt

atmosphte ce sophistiinjure

ere in innocencate harm

blame advance t stain destroy

bargain advanced guilty strain ruin

calculaadvantagpersuadsymbol construte e e triumph ct

circle agent possess upright structuconfideappeal sample vigorous re

nce applicatsupport benefit isolate

conscioion vital profit labor

us point burden charactetask

convincappoint elect rize overlooe approximselect circumstk

custom ate collect ance overcomdesperabarrier collectchain e

te claim ive store resist

encouraclimate contribconcentrinsist

ge complicaute ate state

discourte distribdelegate supreme

age comprise ute diligent superioeconomiconsiderattribudispute r

c able te estimate emit

economy resume abuse factor volume

motive consume prejudiintentioabsorb

promote assume ce nal account

emotioncontact avoid occupy achieve

al convict escape inject universmotion crew capture reject al

fail to crucial compete object convert

install define effort project reverse

flat definite enthusiscenery apply

intimatdeliver asm survive applicae disaster involve revive ble

limit disorder evolve temper applicamajor diverse imply accelerant

no economic reply te applicamatter alert multiplbehave tion

neutral exert y concern broad

outlet facility issue continue board

perform faith modify deny cancel

inform faithful occur distance casual

formal gap opponeninsure cancer

normal sympathy t invade classifradiate trace prefer mature y

authoritrack refer mental comfort

ty visual publish monitor submit

companivision punish mysteriopermit

on worship rate us complex

concept apparatuaward neglect conduct

create s reward purpose constancreaturbrand shelter raw t

e civil skim remove core

dentist clarity in restore demand

fluid declare spite resort command

identifcombine of scarcely comment

y connect temporaspecific commend

identicconsider ry target mental

al insert vehicle alarm recommeidentitdesert ancestoapprove nd

y drown r certify mention

engage external associacertificdesign

entitle frank te ate signal

evaluatpress refuse frost signifie impress confuse fund cant

influenpressure describgenuine protect

ce depress e intend detect

fortune express display material point

fulfill indispendue to memory appoint

general sable error primitivappointintense inspect essentie ment

interprrespect al propose disappoet prospect fresh ruin int

justice perspectobvious shadow duratioadjust ive visible contrary n

judge peculiar invisibsufficiedurable

minor particulle nt employ

observe ar previouaccent excess

deserve likely s actually exceed

preservinquire recall adequate success

e require relate anxious succeed

paralleacquire soil attach process

l request spoil awkward proceed

percept result stimulabudget false

stuff consult te capture impose

surrouninsult suffer channel indicatdings spray tense circulate

transpoannounce accompae predict

rt pronouncny communitopportutransmie analyze y nity

t apparent confliccompany personatransfoboundary t consent l

rm frontier convenicooperatpose

undergo crash ent e dispose

wander debate derive cultivatexpose

wonder decrease deprive e suppose

widesprincrease thrive depart oppose

ead reduce dominatdevote compose

ambitioinclude e dismiss impose

n conclude element distant deposit

approacexclude gallery enhance poison

h federal intervaeventualpoverty

brief firm l ly cautiouconquer forecast lock fierce s

result foresee lack manage prove

consult grateful match overnighimprove

insult integratideal t record

delibere reality passion relieve

ate divide ignore passive sincere

despair individuignoranpostpone troop

compare al t progress upset

emergenfence indepenpursue violent

ce defense dent react welfare

emergenoffend inspire render abundancy portion motion sense t

establiproper promote treat advocatsh property remote treaty e

exhaust reputatimotive capacity affect

expand on numeroucivilian effect

fade restrict s compel effectifrustraloyal relevancontradive

te royal t ction efficiehandy spot retreat crack nt

increditerminal straighcuriositcampaigble alter t y n

inherit alternatsuicide departurcause

conferee trick e commissnce countlesweigh devise ion

infer s tempt device componeoffer discount attempt confront nt

interfeextraordcontracconventicontent

re inary t onal intentilength graduate attract descend on

manufacgraduallcandidadonate crisis

ture y te merit critic

mood precious commercelementacriticanecessiprecise ial ry l

ty appreciacommunieliminatdestinanoble te cate e tion

occasioreluctancontain frequent discard

n t coordinincline disciploccasiounwillinate instant ine

nal g respond military anticipoutput sharp correspprevent ate

oversea shape ond represenparticipattern source emphasit pate

plunge strength s restrain illustrpracticlength enclose academic ate

e supply focus availablmeasure

practicdrop instince narrow

al endure t challengoption

recognievident intensie phenomeze enormous ve continennon

release preferet prohibirescue nce elaboratt

maintaiproduce e panic

n reflect function pretend

principscale generous prompt

al semesteregulatprincipr

le shift

familiatalent

r threat

feature typical

feasiblvain

e volunteindiffeer

rent accomplprovide ish

recover analysistandars

d assist

thorougpersist

h insist

morally resist

virtualconsist

ly colony

deal

with

cope

with

doubt

density

corporation

currency

current

demonstrate

e

shrink

swallow

uniform

artificial

creature

determine

distinct

encounter

environment

fatigue