2024年5月4日发(作者：)
2020年普通高等学校招生统一考试模拟卷(八)
英语
本试卷6页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的校名、姓名、考号、座位号等 相关信
息填写在答题卡指定区域内。
2.选择题每小题选出答案后，请用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用
橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；不能答在试卷上。 .
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域 内的相
应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅 笔和涂改液，不按以
上要求作答的答案无效。
4. 考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该
项涂。
A
It was several years ago when my wife asked me to meet her at the local department store on Black
Friday morning. They had advertised a child's bike that she wanted to purchase for our son. We stood with a
very large crowd, waiting for the manager to blow the whistle. After a while the whistle blew. It was like
throwing a basket of chum into a tank of sharks. I told my wife that if we obtained a bike, fine, but if we
did not, I was OK with that too.
As the boxes of bikes began to gradually decrease, I saw my opportunity to wrap my hands around the
corner of one of them. I lifted it off and suddenly felt some mild resistance. I looked up to see one of the
largest men I had ever seen in my life. Frightening was not enough to describe his presence. He was
decorated with numerous leather belts with metal buttons around both arms and even his neck. Tattoos (
纹
身
) were an obvious passion of his.
I started to loosen the box but he gently pushed it back in my direction and back into my hands. He
then directed it into my shopping cart. He looked at me, smiled, and said, “Merry Christmas.”
My wife and I went to the checkout, paid for the bike and went home. All the way home I was
thinking that this moment was by far the best Christmas gift I had ever received. The kindness of a human
heart in a simple act of a stranger broke all preconceived notions (
先入为主
) I may have had. I will never
forget it.
1
．
What does the underlined word “chum” mean in Paragraph1?
A
．
Gifts. B
．
Food.
C
．
Goods. D
．
Souvenirs.
2
．
Why did the author loosen the box when seeing the man?
A
．
The author didn't want to buy it. B
．
The man needed it more.
C
．
The author was frightened by the man. D
．
The man got the box first.
3
．
What can be a suitable title for the text?
A
．
The Best Christmas Gift. B
．
The Largest Man I Have Ever Seen.
C
．
An Unforgettable Bike. D
．
A Shopping Experience.
B
As technology in the security field advances, so does the intelligence of the burglars in prevailing over
this technology. Gone are the days when a simple alarm system, connected to your phone line, was enough
to protect you from potential security risks.
Cellular alarm systems (
蜂窝报警系统
)are a replacement of the traditional wired phone line security
networks. These systems work just like your cell phone. A cellular module is placed in the main control
panel and it sends signals, without the use of wires, to the monitoring station. The cellular signal is sent via
the data part of a cellular signal, much like a text message.
Sensors can be placed anywhere in your house. Whenever there is an emergency, the relevant sensor
picks up the unusual activity and sends a cellular signal to the main control panel. The control panel serves
more than one purpose, which sends a cellular signal at the same time to the monitoring service at the back
end. The monitoring service later informs the relevant authorities in the form of high-pitched sirens (
高音
警笛声
). Typically it takes a few minutes for emergency services to arrive at the scene. Depending on the
efficiency of your monitoring service and the local authorities, help should arrive soon and deal with the
potential threats.
It allows you to monitor your house remotely. All you have to do is simply access the cameras from
your phone and keep a check for any unusual activities while you are not around. With cellular technology
securing your house, you don’t have to worry about the power failure or even burglars cutting your phone
lines.
Since these systems operate on batteries, you should be careful about when the batteries die out. There
might be other appliances including microwave ovens and WiFi in the house that can cause disruption (
干
扰
). Ensure that your cellular alarm system's range is not affected by the presence of these appliances.
Many homeowners tend to go for wireless systems due to the ease of installation (
安装）
factor. However
，
keep in mind that a non-professional installation might actually leave the system easy to damage.
4
．
What do the underlined words ''prevailing over'' mean in Paragraph 1?
A
．
Improving. B
．
Defeating.
C
．
Worrying about. D
．
Looking into.
5
．
How can the authorities know an emergency is happening?
A
．
They hear high-pitched sirens.
B
．
They read the cellular signal.
C
．
They check the control panel online.
D
．
They notice the unusual activity via sensors.
6
．
What can we know about the cellular alarm system?
A
．
It looks like a phone. B
．
It is energy-saving.
C
．
It needs to be improved. D
．
It is wireless.
7
．
What's the purpose of the last paragraph?
A
．
To give cautions about the system.
B
．
To introduce the benefits of the system.
C
．
To call on people to watch out for security risks.
D
．
To teach people to install the system correctly.
C
BluePlanetII's latest episode (
情节
) focuses on how plastic is having a destructive effect on the ocean
and slowly poisoning our sea creatures. Researchers recently also found that sea creatures living in the
deepest place on Earth, the Mariana Trench, have plastic in their stomachs. Indeed, oceans are drowning in
plastic.
Though it seems that the world couldn't possibly function without plastics, plastics are a remarkably
recent invention. The first plastic bags were introduced in the 1950s, the same decade that plastic packaging
began gaining popularity in the United States. This growth has happened so fast that science is still catching
up with the change. Plastics pollution research, for instance, is still a very early science.
We put all these plastics into the environment, but we still don't really know what the outcomes are
going to be. What we do know, though, is disturbing. Ocean plastic is estimated to kill millions of marine
animals every year. Nearly 700 species, including endangered ones, are known to have been affected by it.
One in three leatherback turtles, which often mistake plastic bags for jellyfish, have been found with plastic
in their bellies. Ninety percent of seabirds are now eating plastics on a regular basis. By 2050, that figure is
expected to rise to 100 percent.
And it's not just wildlife that is threatened by the plastics in our seas. Humans are consuming plastics
through the seafood we eat. I could understand why some people see ocean plastic as a disaster, worth
mentioning in the same breath as climate change. But ocean plastic is not as complicated as climate change.
There are no ocean trash deniers (
否认者
), at least so far. To do something about it, we don't have to
remake our planet energy system.
This is not a problem where we don' t know what the solution is. We know how to pick up garbage.
Anyone can do it. We know how to deal with it. We know how to recycle. We can all start by thinking twice
before we use single-use plastic products. Things that may seem ordinary, like using a reusable bottle or a
reusable bag-when taken collectively, these choices really do make a difference.
8
．
Why is plastics pollution research still a very early science?
A
．
The plastics pollution research is too difficult.
B
．
Plastics have produced less pollution than coal.
C
．
Plastics have gained popularity too fast for science to catch up.
D
．
The world couldn't possibly function without plastics.
9
．
How did the author support his opinion in Paragraph 3?
A
．
By citing quotes from leading experts. B
．
By making a comparison and contrast.
C
．
By listing examples from his own experience. D
．
By presenting solid statistics.
10
．
What does the author intend to tell us in the last paragraph?
A
．
We reap what we sow. B
．
The shortest answer is doing.
C
．
All things are difficult before they are easy. D
．
Actions speak louder than words.
11
．
What is the main idea of the passage?
A
．
The oceans become choked with plastic. B
．
Ocean plastic is a global issue.
C
．
BluePlanetII has left viewers heartbroken. D
．
Plastics gain in popularity all over the world.
D
“If I only had a little humility, I’d be perfect,” the media giant Ted Turner supposedly said
sometime in the 1990s. Why be modest? Aristotle said: “All men by nature desire to know.” Intellectual
humility is a particular instance of humility, since you can be down-to-earth about most things but still
ignore your mental limitations.
Intellectual humility means recognising that we don’t know everything. Actually, it means we
should acknowledge that we're probably biased in our belief about just how much we understand and
seek out the sources of wisdom that we lack.
The Internet and digital media have created the impression of limitless knowledge at our fingertips.
But, by making us lazy, they have opened up a space that ignorance can fill. The psychologist Tania
Lombrozo of the University of California explained how technology enhances our illusions (
错觉
) of
wisdom. She argues that the way we access information is critical to our understanding — and the more
easily we can recall an image, word or statement, the more likely we’ll think we’ve successfully
learned it, and so withdraw from effortful cognitive processing. Logical puzzles presented in an
unfriendly font (
字体
), for example, can encourage someone to make extra effort to solve them. Yet this
approach runs counter to the nice designs of the apps and sites that populate our screens, where our
brain processes information in a “smooth” way. What about all the information that presents online?
Well, your capacity to learn from it depends on your attitudes. Intellectually humble people don’t hide
or ignore their weaknesses. In fact, they see them as sources of personal development, and use
arguments as an opportunity to refine their views. People who are humble by nature tend to be more
open-minded and quicker to resolve disputes, since they recognise that their own opinions might not be
valid.
At the other end of the scale lies intellectual arrogance. Such arrogance almost always originates
from the egocentric bias – the tendency to overestimate their own virtue or importance, ignoring the
role of chance or the influence of other people’s actions on their lives. This is what makes these people
credit success to themselves and failure to circumstance. From an evolutionary perspective, intellectual
arrogance can also be seen as a way of achieving dominance through forcing one’s view on others.
Intellectually arrogant people hardly invest mental resources in discussion or working towards group
consensus, thus making it hard for groups to work successfully.
The Thrive Center for Human Development in California, which seeks to help young people tum
into successful adults, is funding a series of major studies about intellectual humility. Their hypothesis
is that humility, curiosity and openness are key to a fulfilling life. “Without humility, you are unable to
learn,” Laszlo Bock, Google’s Head of People Operations, notes.
12
．
The passage is mainly about ______.
A
．
the harm arrogance does to us
B
．
the key elements to a fulfilling life
C
．
the significance of intellectual humility
D
．
the way people access information online
13
．
Technology enhances our illusions of wisdom because it ______.
A
．
enables people to think critically
B
．
offers too much unreliable information
C
．
allows easy access to abundant information
D
．
makes it hard for people to recall information
14
．
According to Para.3, intellectually humble people ______.
A
．
value others’ opinions more than their own
B
．
use online information to better themselves
C
．
are unwilling to show their strengths
D
．
prefer to solve difficult problems
15
．
The author will probably agree that ______.
A
．
intellectual arrogance is the result of evolution
B
．
intellectually arrogant people often lack team spirits
C
．
successful people are often unaware of their limitations
D
．
circumstances don’t favor intellectually arrogant people
第二节(共5小题:每小题2分，满分10分)
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