2024年6月6日发(作者：)

Unit 1 Encyclopaedia

--基础教案

一、Key words

1. human adj.人的,人类的 n. [c]人，人类= human being

the human body 人体 eg: It can get into the human body and cause disease.

Dogs can hear much better than humans.

【新词强化训练】

1) We are all h_____________ beings.

2) Wolves will not usually attack h____________.

3) These robots are just like h _______________.

2. inventor n.[c]发明家

eg: Leonardo Da Vinci is a famous Italian inventor.

invent v. 发明,创造（指发明创造出来的是以前没有的东西）

eg: Gilbert discovered electricity, but Edison invented the light bulb.

invention n.发明，创造

eg: The invention of the computer brings us a lot of convenience.

3. musician n.音乐家 music n. 音乐 musical adj.音乐的

He is going to be a musician when he grows up.

一首乐曲__________ 听音乐 ____________

后缀ian表示―...地方的人；...职业的人‖

Australia—Australian physician内科医生

翻译：刘欢是一位知名的音乐家。______________________________

4. scientist n.科学家 science n.科学

知识拓展： ist是表示―人‖的职业类词汇的后缀:

science ist scientist art ist artist

piano ist pianist violin ist violinist

5. born v. 出生(过去分词形式) bear—bore—born

短语： be born on +出生日期 be born in +出生地,用于过去或将来时

eg: Michael Jordan was born in 1963.

He was born in Jilin Province on May 3, 1979.

Her baby will be born next week.

6. ability n.[c]才能,能力

eg: She has the ability to pass the exam, but she must work harder.

短语： have the ability to do sth 有能力做某事

I’m sure he has the ___________ to finish ___________(draw) the horse.

7. perhaps adv.可能，大概

eg: I don’t know where she is–perhaps she’s still at work.

【词语辨析：】maybe, perhaps, possibly, probably

这四个词都是副词，都意为 ―可能‖，但表示的可能性的大小不同：

(1)maybe ―或许，大概‖， 主要用于非正式场合，常用语口语中，语气比perhaps 轻。

Maybe they will let me go.

(2)perhaps ―也许，可能‖ 含有―也许是，也许不是‖的意思，指小于一半的可能性，较多的含有―不大

可能‖之意。

But perhaps they don’t know that yet.

(3)possibly ―可能，或者，也许‖ 可能性较大，十之五六。

Exercise will not only lower blood pressure but possibly protect against heart attack.

(4)probably ―很可能，大概‖，在这组词中可能性最大，十之八九，表示一种几乎完全肯定的意思。

This is probably the best vacation I’ve ever had.

8. include v.包括，包含

The price of the room includes breakfast.

including prep.(介词)

All the children are reading in the room quietly, including myself.

【词语辨析】include, including, included

(1)include vt. ―包含，包括‖，后接名词，代词。当接动词时，要用动词ing形式。

The price includes both house and furniture.

My job includes teaching and preparing the lessons.

(2)including prep. ―包含，包括‖,用来举例，解释或补充说明。

There are seven people, including four men.

Many people like Jay Chou, including some adults.

(3)included adj. ―包含在内的‖，常用于名词之后。它和including 引起的短语含义相同，但词序不同。

Everybody had something to say, me included//including me.

9. even adv. 甚至， 常位于―情系助‖之后，行为动词前，表达某一行动出人意料。

有时为了起强调作用，even 也可以放在句中其他地方。

The game is so easy that even a child can play it.

They also go swimming even in autumn.

even 还可以用来修饰形容词的比较级。

This story is even more interesting than that one.

10. however adv. 然而，与but 是同义词，但比but更正式。

but所表示的是很明显的对比，转折意为比however浓。

从语序上看，but总是位于分句句首。however位于句首,句中,句末均可。常用逗号与句子隔开。

He was feeling bad. However, he tried to work on time.

Kate doesn’t sing well, but she dances well.

11. nobody pron. 没有人 =no one= anyone

Nobody in our class can speak French.

I see nobody. = I can’t see anybody.

nobody作为不定代词，作主语时视为单数： Nobody knows why.

12. win 获胜，赢 后接war, match, game以及表示名次，奖品，奖金等的名词作宾语。