2024年4月8日发(作者：)
2022高考英语二轮：人生百味类阅读理解（3）练习及答案
2022
高考英语阅读理解
--
人生百味类
Why are so many people so afraid of failure? Quite simply because no one tells us how to fail so that failure
becomes an experience that will lead to growth. We forget that failure is part of the human condition and that every
person has the right to fail.
Most parents work hard at either preventing failure or protecting their children from the knowledge that
they have failed. One way is to lower standards. A mother describes her child’s hasty-made table as “Perfect!” even
though it doesn’t stand still. Another way is to shift blame. If John fails science, his teacher is unfair or stupid.
The trouble with failure-prevention devices is that they leave a child unequipped for life in the real world.
The young need to learn that no one can be best at everything, no one can win all the time--- and that it’s possible to
enjoy a game even when we don’t win. A child who’s not invited to a birthday party, who doesn’t make the honor
roll on the baseball team, feels terrible, of course. But parents should not offer a quick consolation, prize or say, “It
doesn’t matter.” because it does. The young should be allowed to experience disappointment—and be helped to
master it.
Failure is never pleasurable. It hurts grown-ups and children alike. But it can make a positive contribution
to your life once you learn to use it. Step one is to ask “Why did I fail?”
Don’t blame someone else. Ask yourself what you did wrong, how you can improve. If someone else can
help, don’t be shy about inquiring. Success, which encourages repetition of old behavior, is not nearly as good a
teacher as failure. You can learn from a bad party how to give a good one, from an ill-chosen first house what to look
for in a second. Even a failure that seems definitive can prompt fresh thinking, a change of direction. After 12 years
of studying ballet, a friend of mine auditioned for a professional company. She was turned down. “ Would further
training help?” she asked. The ballet master shook his head. “ You will never be a dancer”, he said, “You haven’t the
body for it.”
In such cases, the way to use failure is to take stock(
估量
) of the situation bravely asking, “What have I
left? What else can I do?” My friend put away her shoes and moved into dance treatment center, a field where she’s
both able and useful. Failure frees one to take risks because there’s less to lose. Often there is recovery of energy—a
way to find new possibilities.
【小题
1
】
The second paragraph tells us ___________
A
．
how a mother praised her children
B
．
parents should blame their children at the proper time.
C
．
how to shift blame
D
．
two ways of failure prevention most parents use when their children fail
【小题
2
】
According to the author, what should a child know in the real world?
A
．
No one can be best all the time at everything.
B
．
He should be equipped for life.
C
．
No parents should offer quick consolations.
D
．
He can get pleasure from failure as well as success.
【小题
3
】
The underlined word “prompt” in the fifth paragraph can be best replaced by “_________.”
A
．
prevent B
．
cause C
．
continue D
．
exchange
【小题
4
】
From the passage we know that ______________.
A
．
success lies in hard work
B
．
never be disappointed to life
C
．
failure can affect one’s life greatly once he learns to use it.
D
．
everyone had his own value
2022
高考英语阅读理解
--
人生百味类
The Loss of Innocence
Innocence is such a precious gift
．
It’s explained as freedom from guilt or wrong doing
．
Just imagine never having
to worry about anything and having a guilt free mind
．
Some people wish to save this kind of innocence from being
lost from childhood to adulthood
．
What would the world be like if innocence were never lost
？
One way it would benefit humanity is the lack
of hatred
（仇恨）
among the world
．
During youth
，
there may be an occasional argument
，
even a little physical fight
，
but nothing like firing a handgun at a fellow human being
．
And children are blind towards the racial differences of
others
．
A kid will hang out with any other kid
．
It is the lack of innocence and the ignorance we learn from adults that
influence children otherwise
．
Another benefit is the constant desire for fun and adventure
．
With very little if any
time at all for fun
，
the adventurous mind is lost in time with the responsibilities placed upon adults
．
If innocence
were kept alive
，
these ambitions would never depart from our lives
．
However
，
other people actually hate the idea of innocence lasting forever
．
They feel that the lack of
organization and mental power of those with innocence would cause extremely destructive consequences to society
in general
．
A large number of individuals would never have the urge to learn
，
work
，
and act upon the necessary
needs for humanity to survive
．
Without a proper education which is usually provided by those who no longer live in a
world of innocence
，
people would not have the desire to succeed
，
get a good job in life
，
or provide income for their
families
，
which would hurt the lives of children
．
The lack of a good education and career would also harm the economy
．
As long as innocence is kept alive
，
no one would be terribly angered at the lack of effort people put out in the workplace
，
resulting in a strong decline in
production and quality of needed goods
．
Maybe it is wrong in wanting to save innocence
．
It sure is a nice thought
，
though
．
Perhaps innocence was
meant to be lost
．
It was god’s will to make things the way they are
，
and there is a good purpose for everything
．
All
that remains to be said about innocence is to enjoy it while it lasts
．
【小题
1
】
The author believes that the loss of innocence in adulthood should be _______
．
A
．
avoided
B
．
condemned
C
．
accepted
D
．
inspired
【小题
2
】
Lifelong innocence would be beneficial to society in that _______
．
A
．
proper education would be provided
B
．
there would be no racial discrimination
C
．
more happy families would be guaranteed
D
．
people would realize their childhood dreams
【小题
3
】
According to the author
，
people with innocence can hurt the economy with their lack of _____
．
A
．
motivational will
B
．
mental ability
C
．
adventurous ambitions
D
．
needed goods
【小题
4
】
Which of the following shows the structure of the passage
？
A
．
B
．
C
．
D
．
阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
(2021·海口市调研，D)
Any diet on which you eat fewer calories than you need to get through the day, like an 800calorieperday diet, can be
dangerous. Diets that don't allow any fat also can be bad for you. Everyone needs a certain amount of fat in their diet,
up to 30% of total calories, so no one should eat a completely fatfree diet.
Don't have diets that restrict certain food groups, either. A diet that requires you to say no to bread or pasta or allows
you to eat only fruit is unhealthy. You won't get the vitamins and minerals you need. And although you may lose
weight, you'll probably gain it back as soon as you start eating normally again.
Some people start dieting because they think all the problems in their lives are because of weight. Others have an area
of their lives that they can't control, like an alcoholic parent, so they focus on something they can control, their
exercise and food intake (摄入)．
People who diet may get lots of praise from friends and family when they start losing pounds, which makes them feel
good. But eventually a person reaches a weight level and doesn't lose as much weight as before because the body is
trying to keep a healthy weight, so they aren't any happier.
Some people may find it hard to control their eating, so they stick with an_extreme_diet for a little while, but then eat
tons of food. Feeling guilty about the binge, they use laxatives (泻药). Eating too little to maintain a healthy weight or
eating only to throw up the calories are both eating disorders, which are harmful to a person's health.
文章大意：本文是一篇谈论文。文章告诫减肥人群，在减肥的同时务必要保证健康和均衡的饮食，这样才能获
得真正的健康。
12．The reasons why some people start and keep dieting DON'T include ________.
A．they think their trouble comes from their weight
B．they have a strict parent
C．other people's praise when they lose some weight
D．there is something they can't control except food intake
答案：B 细节理解题。依据第三、四段内容可知，A、C、D三项均是人们减肥的缘由。B项内容文章没有涉
及。故答案选B。
13．The underlined phrase in the last paragraph refers to ________.
A．a fat free diet B．a special diet
C．eating too much D．eating too little
答案：D 指代推断题。依据画线短语后“but then eat tons of food”中的“but”可推知，画线部分与其叙述的内容
相反，因此“an extreme diet”指的就是“吃得太少”。故答案选D。
14．Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．A person needs about 800 calories each day.
B．A person who doesn't eat bread is unhealthy.
C．An improper diet may cause eating disorder.
D．Fat takes up the most part of calories inside body.
答案：C 细节理解题。依据第一段第一句中的“like an 800calorieperday diet, can be dangerous”可知，A项表
述错误；依据其次段其次句可知，不包括面包的饮食不健康，但并没说不吃面包的人不健康，故B项表述错
误；依据第一段最终一句可知，D项表述错误。故答案选C。
15．According to the passage, when people want to lose weight, they should ________.
A．avoid eating some food that can lead to being fat
B．control their eating amount and times
C．have a healthy and balanced diet
D．throw up some of what they eat
答案：C 推理推断题。通读全文特殊是文章首段内容可知，人们在减肥的同时，还应保证健康和均衡的饮食。
故答案选C。
阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
(2021·天津市十二区县联考二，C)
In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some value it highly, believing that it is
responsible for social progress and prosperity. Others say that competition is bad; that it sets one person against
another; that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.
I have taught many children who held the belief that their selfworth relied on how well they performed at tennis and
other skills. For them, playing well and winning are often lifeanddeath affairs. In their singleminded pursuit of success,
the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten.
However, while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed, others take an opposite attitude. In a culture which
values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. Among
the_most_vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society. Teaching
these young people, I often observe in them a desire to fail. They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve
success. By not trying, they always have an excuse: “I may have lost, but it doesn't matter because I really didn't try.”
What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost, that would mean a lot.
Such a loss would be a measure of their worth. Clearly, this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to
prove themselves. Both are based on the mistaken belief that one's selfrespect relies on how well one performs in
comparison with others. Both are afraid of not being valued. Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to
dissolve (缓解) can we discover a new meaning in competition.
文章大意：本文是一篇谈论文。文章首先提出论点“现代社会关于竞争有很多争议”，然后具体分析了不同人
对竞争的不同看法。
16．What does this passage mainly talk about?
A．Competition helps to set up selfrespect.
B．Opinions about competition are different among people.
C．Competition is harmful to personal quality development.
D．Failures are necessary experiences in competition.
答案：B 主旨大意题。依据文章首句“In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition.”可知，
现代社会关于竞争有很多争议。下文内容围绕这一点具体分析了不同人对竞争的不同看法，因此这便是文章的
中心论点。故B项正确。
17．Why do some people favor competition according to the passage?
A．It builds up a sense of duty.
B．It pushes society forward.
C．It improves personal abilities.
D．It encourages individual efforts.
答案：B 细节理解题。依据第一段其次句“Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress
and prosperity.”可知，有人认为竞争是社会进步和富强的动力。故B项正确。
18．The underlined phrase “the most vocal” in Paragraph 3 means ________.
A．those who try their best to win
B．those who value competition most highly
C．those who are against competition most strongly
D．those who rely on others most for success
答案：C 词义猜想题。依据语境可知，有些人渴望成功，而有些人持相反的态度。在只留意赢家而不留意一
般人的文化价值观下，他们猛烈责怪竞争。其中最直言不讳的就是那些来自父母和社会的竞争压力下挣扎的年
轻人。依据“Among”可知，画线词是指上文提到的那些猛烈责怪竞争的人。故C项正确。
19．What is the similar belief of the true competitors and those with a “desire to fail”？
A．One's worth lies in his performance compared with others'.
B．One's success in competition needs great efforts.
C．One's achievement is determined by his particular skills.
D．One's success is based on how hard he has tried.
答案：A 细节理解题。依据最终一段倒数第三、四句“Clearly, this belief is the same as that of the true competitors
who try to prove themselves. Both are based on the mistaken belief that one's selfrespect relies on how well one
performs in comparison with others.”可知，A项正确。
20．Which point of view may the author agree to?
A．Every effort should be paid back.
B．Competition should be encouraged.
C．Winning should be a lifeanddeath matter.
D．Fear of failure should be removed in competition.
答案：D 推理推断题。依据最终一段最终一句“Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve (缓
解) can we discover a new meaning in competition.”不难看出作者的态度；只有消退竞争中的畏惧心理，我们才
能发觉竞争的意义。故D项正确。
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